Lecture 1: Fundamentals of Biostatistics

What is biostatistics?

The study of the science of decision making regarding health.

What is the first step of statistical investigation?

Ask a research question.

What is the second step of statistical investigation?

Conduct a study and collect data.

What is the third step of statistical investigation?

Analyze data.

What is the fourth step of statistical investigation?

Draw inferences from data.

What is the fifth step of statistical investigation?

Formulate conclusions.

What is the sixth step of statistical investigation?

Look back and ahead.

What is logic of inference, and when does it occur in the statistical investigation method?

Logic of inference is the framework used to draw conclusions about a population based on data collected from a smaller population. It bridges the gap between what we observe in a study and what is actually true in the population. It occurs in stage four of the statistical investigation.

What is significance estimation, and when does it occur in the statistical investigation method?

Tests whether a result is due solely to chance. It occurs during stage four of statistical investigation.

What is scope of inference? When does it occur in statistical investigation?

The conclusion that can be legitimately drawn from a study’s results. Occurs during stage five of statistical investigation.

What is generalization of causation? When does it occur in statistical investigation?

Determines whether a true cause-and-effect relationship established in a specific study sample can be accurately applied to a larger target population. It occurs during stage five of statistical investigation.