Computer Specifications, Components, and Troubleshooting

A set of flashcards covering computer specifications, primary/secondary storage, software types, input/output devices, troubleshooting steps and scenarios, and Ethernet based on the lecture notes.

What is a computer specification?

A list of key components usually provided by manufacturers to help buyers decide on a computer and which combination of features they require.

How is processing speed defined and measured in computer specifications?

It is how quickly a microprocessor operates, measured in Hertz ($Hz$) and expressed as megahertz (a million hertz) or gigahertz (a billion hertz).

What is the function of R.A.M (Random Access Memory / Primary Memory / Main Memory)?

It is the functional unit of a computer that stores data and instructions needed by the computer processor to run applications and open files.

How do Solid State Drives (SSD) and Hard Disk Drives (HDD) compare as secondary storage?

SSD is very fast and robust but expensive per gigabyte, whereas HDD is slower and less robust but cheaper per gigabyte.

What is the difference between System Software and Application Software?

System Software (including Operating Systems and System Utilities) manages the user interface, processes, security, memory, files, hardware resources, and efficiency, while Application Software performs end users tasks such as word processing, databases, video editing, and spreadsheets.

What is an input device and what examples are provided in the notes?

An input device is a hardware component that sends data and control signals to a computer; examples include a keyboard, mouse, microphone, and joystick.

What is an output device and what examples are provided in the notes?

An output device is a hardware component that converts processed data from a computer into a human-readable or physical form; examples include monitors, printers, and speakers.

What is troubleshooting?

Troubleshooting is the process of identifying, planning, and resolving a problem, error, or fault within a software or computer system to enable its repair and restoration when it becomes faulty, unresponsive, or acts in an abnormal way.

What are the seven general steps of the troubleshooting process?

1) Gather information, 2) Describe the problem, 3) Determine the most probable cause, 4) Create a plan of action and test a solution, 5) Implement the solution, 6) Analyze the results, and 7) Document the process.

What are potential causes and solutions if a printer is not printing an assignment?

Potential causes are no ink, trying to print many times without breaks, or a faulty outlet. Solutions are replacing the ink cartridge, deleting all attempts made and trying again, or checking if the outlet works using a lamp and switching to another outlet if needed.

What are potential causes and solutions when a computer system unit does not boot?

Potential causes are a faulty outlet, a faulty power system, or a faulty power button. Solutions are checking if the outlet works, replacing the power system, or checking if the power button is connected to the motherboard.

What can cause a missing display picture on a turned-on computer monitor, and how can it be fixed?

Causes include a loose cable or an HDMI/Display cable plugged into the wrong port. Solutions are connecting the HDMI/Display cable to the correct port or resetting the computer.

What is Ethernet?

Ethernet is a standard wired technology used to connect computers, printers, and routers in a local area network (LAN).