DNA Structure and Bonding
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19 Terms
What are the three components of a DNA nucleotide?
-A Penrose sugar (deoxyribose)
-Phosphate group
-Nitrogenous base
Why are the strands said to be anti-parallel?
They run side by side in opposite directions
What bond connects the pentose sugar with the phosphate group?
Phosphodiester bonds
How is the sugar phosphate backbone formed?
The phosphodiester bonds link the 5 carbon of one deoxyribose sugar to the phosphate group of the same nucleotide, which itself is linked by another phosphodiester bond to the 3 carbon of the next deoxyribose sugar in the strand
What can the two strands be referred to as?
5’ to 3’ strand and 3’ to 5’ strand
How are the two DNA strands held together?
By hydrogen bonding between nitrogenous bases
Describe hydrogen bonding in DNA
Hydrogen bonds occur between the same pairs of nitrogenous bases, known as complimentary base pairing.
What base does Adenine pair with?
Thymine
What base does Guanine pair with?
Cytosine
What base does Thymine pair with?
Adenine
What base does cytosine pair with?
Guanine
How may hydrogen bonds form between Guanine and cytosine?
3
How many hydrogen bonds form between Thymine and Adenine?
2
What shape is a DNA molecule?
A double helix