Urea Dissolution

When Urea is dissolved, what happens?

Energy is exchanged between the systme and surroundings as the molecules disperse in the solution

Gibbs Free energy change describes

Spontaneity

What can we use to describe spontaneity?

Gibbs free energy

What is the Gibbs Free Energy Equation?

G = H - (T)(S)

A spontaneous and exergonic reaction is

G < 0

When is a reaction in equilibrium?

G = 0

In this experiment, the dissolution of Urea. What are the system and surroundings?

System : Urea / dissolving the urea

Surrounding : Water / Physical container

According to the second law of thermodynamics, for a spontaneous proocess entrooopy of the universe always ____

Increases

Non spontaneous, endothermic process

G > 0

What does Q stand for and what is it, what is it equal to?

• Reaction Quotient

• Product Concentration / Reaction Concentration

• Keq

How do we calculate Gibs free energy [give 2 equations]

• G = H - (T)(S)

• G° = -RTln Keq

What's favored at equilibrium?

Reactants

For the Equation G° = -RTln Keq What is R??

8.314 J / (mol)(k)

How can we calculate H

q = mC∆T

∆H = -q/n