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Romantic Period

A musical era from 1820 to 1900 characterized by emotional expression and individualism.

What is the main idea of Romantic music?

Emotion, imagination, and individuality.

Nationalism in music

Using folk music and style to show national identity.

Name 2 Romantic composers.

Chopin, Tchaikovsky.

What is a tone poem?

Orchestral music that tells a story.

What changed after WWI in music?

Music became experimental and less traditional.

What is atonality?

Music without a clear key.

Who wrote The Rite of Spring?

Stravinsky.

What is the 12-tone system?

Schoenberg’s method using all 12 notes equally.

Key Features of Romantic Music

Long melodies, chromatic harmony, rubato, big contrasts, constant modulation.

Impressionism in music

A late Romantic extension focusing on mood and inspired by visual art.

Who is known for piano poetry in the Romantic era?

Chopin.

What characterizes music in the Early 20th Century?

Experimental and intellectual approaches, often with chaotic elements.

Who is a notable composer known for orchestral experimentation?

Ives.

Describe the performance style of Early 20th Century music.

Huge or tiny ensembles with highly experimental sound.

Folk tunes incorporation

Using cultural styles and folk music to reflect national identity.

Chamber music in Romantic Period

Small ensembles typically used for intimate settings.

What is the Bohemian lifestyle of artists?

Rejection of wealth and industrial elite, embracing an expressive way of living.

Define rubato as a music feature.

Flexible tempo that allows expressive timing.

What does chromatic harmony refer to?

Using more colorful chords to enhance emotional expression in music.

What did artists seek during the Romantic Period?

Expressiveness and individuality in reaction to industrialization.

Examples of emotional contrasts in Romantic music

Loud vs. soft, calm vs. dramatic.

What did the Industrial Revolution influence in music?

A shift towards emotion and imagination over strict logic.

Key components of Gesamtkunstwerk

Total art work encompassing music, theater, and more, associated with Wagner.