Hydrolysis + Dehydration Synthesis
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26 Terms
What is dehydration synthesis?
A chemical reaction that joins smaller molecules together by removing water.
What does dehydration mean?
Removal of water.
What does synthesis mean?
Building or putting together.
What is the main purpose of dehydration synthesis?
To join smaller molecules into larger molecules.
Is water added or removed during dehydration synthesis?
Water is removed.
What does one monomer lose during dehydration synthesis?
An H+ ion.
What does the other monomer lose during dehydration synthesis?
An OH- group.
What happens to the H+ and OH- removed during dehydration synthesis?
They combine to form water (H2O).
What happens between monomers during dehydration synthesis?
A new covalent bond forms.
What role do enzymes play in dehydration synthesis?
They act as catalysts that speed up chemical reactions.
What happens when two glucose molecules join through dehydration synthesis?
They form maltose (a disaccharide) and release water.
What is the dehydration synthesis equation for two glucose molecules?
Glucose + glucose → maltose + H2O.
What type of bond forms when two amino acids join?
A peptide bond.
What is formed when two amino acids join through dehydration synthesis?
A dipeptide and water.
What is formed when many amino acids join together?
A polypeptide.
What is hydrolysis?
A chemical reaction that uses water to break larger molecules into smaller molecules.
What does lysis mean?
Splitting or breaking apart.
Is water added or removed during hydrolysis?
Water is added and used to break a bond.
What is the main purpose of hydrolysis?
To break larger molecules into smaller molecules.
What happens to the bond between monomers during hydrolysis?
The bond is broken.
What does one separated molecule receive during hydrolysis?
An H+ ion.
What does the other separated molecule receive during hydrolysis?
An OH- group.
What happens when maltose undergoes hydrolysis?
It breaks into two glucose molecules.
What is the hydrolysis equation for maltose?
Maltose + H2O → glucose + glucose.
What role do enzymes play in hydrolysis?
They act as catalysts that speed up chemical reactions.
What is the main difference between dehydration synthesis and hydrolysis?
Dehydration synthesis removes water to join molecules; hydrolysis uses water to break molecules apart.