ANA124: Heart I - Lecture Review

Flashcards covering the location, contents, and anatomical features of the heart and mediastinum, including layers of the heart and great vessels.

Superior Mediastinum

Contains the superior aspect of the Esophagus, Trachea, Superior Vena Cava, and arch of Aorta.

Inferior Mediastinum

Subdivided into Anterior, Posterior, and Middle sections.

Anterior Inferior Mediastinum

Contains the Thymus gland.

Posterior Inferior Mediastinum

Contains the inferior aspect of the descending aorta, Inferior Vena Cava, and inferior portion of the esophagus.

Middle Inferior Mediastinum

Contains the heart, great vessels, pericardium, and phrenic nerve.

Pericardium (heart layer)

The outermost covering of the entire heart, consisting of three layers.

Epicardium

A thin elastic layer that provides protection from friction and contains coronary vessels.

Myocardium

The muscle tissue of the heart, forming its main bulk.

Endocardium

The lining of the chambers of the heart.

Fibrous Pericardium

The fibrous, protective outer layer, also known as the pericardial sac.

Serous Pericardium

A thinner layer with a small space between its layers, known as the pericardial cavity.

Pericardial Cavity

A very small space located between the parietal and visceral layers of the serous pericardium.

Visceral Layer of Serous Pericardium

The inner layer of the serous pericardium, located next to the heart (also known as epicardium).

Parietal Layer of Serous Pericardium

The outer layer of the serous pericardium.

Right Atrium

Receives deoxygenated blood from the body.

Right Atrial Auricle

Helps regulate blood flow to the ventricles.

Superior Vena Cava (SVC)

A large vein that collects deoxygenated blood from the head, neck, arms, and chest, returning it to the right atrium.

Right Ventricle

Expels deoxygenated blood to the lungs via the pulmonary trunk.

Pulmonary Trunk

Carries deoxygenated blood from the right ventricle of the heart to the lungs.

Left Atrium

Receives oxygenated blood from the lungs via the pulmonary veins.

Left Atrial Auricle

Helps regulate blood flow to the ventricles.

Left Ventricle

Pushes oxygenated blood to the body via the aorta.

Aorta

The main artery carrying oxygenated blood from the left ventricle to the rest of the body.

Brachiocephalic Trunk

An artery that branches off the aorta, supplying blood to the head, neck, and right arm.

Left Common Carotid Artery

An artery that branches off the aorta, supplying blood to the head and neck/arm.

Left Subclavian Artery

An artery that branches off the aorta, supplying blood to the left arm, head, and thorax.

Coronary Sulcus

A groove on the external surface of the heart that separates the atria from the ventricles.

Anterior Interventricular Sulcus

A groove that divides the left and right ventricles on the anterior surface, containing the Left Anterior Descending coronary artery and great Cardiac Vein.

Inferior Vena Cava

Collects deoxygenated blood from the lower body and returns it to the right atrium.

Pulmonary Arteries (Right & Left)

Branches from the pulmonary trunk that carry deoxygenated blood to the right and left lungs, respectively.

Pulmonary Veins (Right & Left)

Carry oxygenated blood from the lungs to the left atrium.

Posterior Interventricular Sulcus

A groove on the posterior surface that contains the posterior interventricular artery and middle cardiac vein, separating the left and right ventricles.