Modern Europe Pt 1 & 2

Pt 1 & 2

Chivalry

Related to horses

Knights and their love to ladies

Being a hero

Martin Luther

Says there is only 2 sacraments

Translated the Bible from Latin to German

Monk and Scholar

Habsburgs

Held office in the Holy Roman Empire until WWI

Catholic Dynasty

Anglican Reformation

Henry 8th leaves the church

Marries Anne Boleyn and divorces Catherine of Aragon

Absolutism

All power comes from the King

Can be taken away

Mercenaries

Were used in the 30 years war

Expensive

Not reliable

Not really Loyal

Gabelle

A tax on goods

Salt Tax

Consumption Tax

Estates General

Closest thing to English Parliament

Representatives of the 3 estates: Peasants, Nobility, Clergy

300 people for each

Bastille

Had weapons and gun powder

The people raid it to get weapons

Jean-Paul Marat

Wanted a Republic

Jacobins

Very radical

Maximilien Robespierre

Revolutionary

Jacobins

Napoleon Bonaparte

Corsican

Model for dictatorship

sent to Toulon in 1793

Manchester

Industrial City

Not planned

1819

St. Peters field

Troops were sent out and killed civilians

Peterloo Massacre:1819

Plantation Commodities

Coffee

Tea

Sugar

Tobacco

Coco

Cotton

Addictive Stimulants

John Calvin

Active after Luther

Born in France

Went into exile in Switzerland

Predestination

Calvin focused in this

Pre ordained

Have no choice in the outcome

Mercantilism

The market

Economy

Versailles

Louie 8th made it

Atlantic Economy

Trading over seas to the “new” world

Marie Antoinette

Marries Louie 8th

She is a Habsburg

Becomes queen of France at 19

Cabinet Wars

Done by the king and his cabinet/trusted advisors

Civil Constitution of the Clergy

Creates a problem for the Assemblies

Makes priests civil servants: would be paid and had to make an oath to the crown

The Terror

Series of massacrers and public executions

There was a draft for it

It was regular people

Thermidor

End of the Terror in the French Revolution

Move away from the Popular Revolution

End of the violent part of the Revolution

Austerlitz and Trafalgar 1805

Austerlitz- Napoleon won

Trafalgar- The British won

Klemens von Metternich

Prime Minister of Austria

Host of the congress of Vienna