Hip Anatomy

Iliacus origin

iliac fossa

Iliacus insertion

lesser trochanter of femur

Iliacus action

flex hip

Iliacus nerve

femoral nerve

Iliacus blood supply

iliolumbar artery

Psoas major origin

bodies and traverse processes of all lumbar vertebrae

Psoas major insertion

lesser trochanter of femur

Psoas major action

flex hip

Psoas major nerve

lumbar nerves 2-4

Psoas major blood supply

iliolumbar artery

Rectus femoris origin

anterior inferior iliac spine (AIIS)

Rectus femoris insertion

Patella and through pat tendon to tib tuberosity

Rectus femoris action

flex hip, extend knee

Rectus femoris nerve

femoral nerve 

Rectus femoris blood supply

superficial femoral artery

Sartorius origin

anterior superior iliac spine (ASIS)

Sartorius insertion

medial surface prox tibia (pes anserine), distal to tib tuberosity

Sartorius action

flex, abd, lat rotation of hip, flex knee

Sartorius nerve

femoral nerve

Sartorius blood supply

5-11 BV

Gluteus maximus origin

lateral surface of the ilium behind posterior gluteal line, post sacrum

Gluteus maximus insertion

iliotibial tract, gluteal tuberosity of femur

Gluteus maximus action

extend hip, lat rotate hip, abd (upper fibers)

Gluteus maximus innervation

inferior gluteal nerve

Gluteus maximus blood supply

inferior and superior gluteal arteries

Adductor magnus origin

inferior ramus of pubis, ramus of ischium, ischial tubercle

Adductor magnus insertion

linea aspera and adductor tubercle

Adductor magnus action

adduct and extend hip

Adductor magnus nerve

obturator and sciatic nerves

Adductor magnus blood supply

deep femoral artery

Biceps femoris (long head) origin

ishcial tuberosity 

Biceps femoris (long head) insertion

head of fibula 

Biceps femoris (long head) action

extend hip, flex knee, lateral rotate knee

Biceps femoris (long head) innervation

tibial nerve

Biceps femoris (long head) blood supply

deep femoral artery

Biceps femoris (short head) origin

linea aspera of femur

Biceps femoris (short head) insertion

head of fibula 

Biceps femoris (short head) action

flex knee, lateral rotate knee

Biceps femoris (short head) innervation

common fibular nerve 

Biceps femoris (short head) blood supply

popliteal artery

Semimembranosus origin

ischial tuberosity

Semimembranosus insertion

medial condyle of tibia 

Semimembranosus action

extend hip, flex knee, medial rotate knee

Semimembranosus innervation

tibial nerve 

Semimembranosus blood supply

deep femoral artery and popliteal artery

Semitendinosus origin 

ischial tuberosity

Semitendinosus insertion

medial surface of prox tibia (pes anserine), distal to med condyle 

Semitendinosus action

extend hip, medial rotate knee

Semitendinosus innervation

tibial nerve 

Semitendinosus blood supply

deep femoral artery and popliteal artery

Gluteus medius origin

lateral surface of ilium between anterior and posterior gluteal lines

Gluteus medius insertion

greater trochanter of femur

Gluteus medius action

abduction of hip, med rotation & flexion (ant fiber), lateral rotation & extension (post fibers)

Gluteus medius innervation

superior gluteal nerve

Gluteus medius blood supply

superior gluteal artery

Gluteus minimus origin

lateral surface of ilium between anterior and inferior gluteal lines

Gluteus minimus insertion

greater trochanter of femur

Gluteus minimus action

abduction of hip, medial rotation and flexion of hip

Gluteus minimus innervation

superior gluteal nerve

Gluteus minimus blood supply

superior gluteal artery

Tensor fasciae lata origin

iliac crest, posterior to ASIS

Tensor fasciae lata insertion

iliotibial tract

Tensor fasciae lata action

tenses the fascia of the thigh

Tensor fasciae lata innervation

superior gluteal nerve

Tensor fasciae lata blood supply

deep branch of superior gluteal artery

Pectineus origin

superior ramus of pubis

Pectineus insertion

femur, distal to lesser trochanter

Pectineus action

flex and adduct hip

Pectineus innervation

femoral nerve

Pectineus blood supply

anterior division of obturator artery

Adductor brevis origin

body and inferior ramus of pubis

Adductor brevis insertion

pectineal line

Adductor brevis action

adduct and flex hip

Adductor brevis innervation

obturator nerve

Adductor brevis blood supply

anterior division of obturator artery

Adductor longus origin

pubic tubercle

Adductor longus insertion

medial lip of linea aspera of femur

Adductor longus action

adduct and flex hip

Adductor longus innervation

obturator nerve

Adductor longus blood supply

anterior division of obturator artery

Adductor magnus origin

inferior ramus of pubis, ramus of ischium, ischial tubercle

Adductor magnus insertion

linea aspera, adductor tubercle of femur

Adductor magnus action

adduct and extend hip

Adductor magnus innervation

obturator nerve and sciatic nerve

Adductor magnus blood supply

deep femoral artery

Gracilis origin 

inferior ramus of pubis, ramus of ischium

Gracilis insertion

medial surface of prox tibia (pes anserine), distal to medial condyle

Gracilis action

adduct hip, medial rotate hip if knee is flexed, knee flexion

Gracilis innervation

obturator nerve

Quadratus femoris origin

ischial tuberosity

Quadratus femoris insertion

posterior surface of femur between trochanters

Quadratus femoris action

lateral rotation of hip, adduct hip

Quadratus femoris innervation

nerve to quadratus femoris

Quadratus femoris blood supply

inferior gluteal artery

Piriformis origin

anterior surface of the sacrum

Piriformis insertion

greater trochanter of femur

Piriformis action

lateral rotation of hip, abduction of thigh when hip flexed

Piriformis innervation

sacral nerves 1-2

Piriformis blood supply

inferior branch of lateral sacral artery

Obturator internus origin

obturator mebrane, bone around obturator foramen