Human Acts & their Acts and Actions (pt 3)

a person by nature struggles to achieve the highest goal in life, that is, the attainment of:

• Good health

• Power

• Wealth

2 general needs a person aims for:

• Fundamental needs of a person

• Maslow's Hierarchy of needs

ACRONYMS for the (9) Human Needs:

U.A.P.S.F.I.C.L.P

9 Fundamental needs of a person:

• Understanding

• Affection

• Protection

• Subsistence

• Freedom

• Identity

• Creation

• Leisure

• Participation

The human needs and human scale development were formulated by?

Manfred Max Neef et al. (2015)

The human needs and human scale development were formulated by Manfred Max Neef et al. (2015) and derived from the concept of?

Ontology

Ontology is?

stemming from the conditions of being humans

9 fundamental human needs classified according to existing categories:

• Being (qualities)

• Having (things)

• Doing (actions)

• Interacting (setting)

The top priority is always _______ in terms of physical and mental satisfaction.

Subsistence

some people prioritize ______ if they do hard work or are too lazy to work.

leisure

top priority is _____, especially if they are too wealthy and powerful.

security/protection

5 MASLOW’S HIERARCHY OF NEEDS:

• Self-actualization

• Esteem

• Love/Belongingness

• Safety

• Physiological need

MASLOW’S HIERARCHY OF NEEDS:

• Needs that are unattainable since nobody can ever be contented because people need to have more things in life.

Self-actualization and Esteem

MASLOW’S HIERARCHY OF NEEDS:

• must be satisfied by being married or by living with other people who show
  strong affection and love.

Love/Belongingness

The sense of ________ is needed in Love/Belongingness.

acceptance

MASLOW’S HIERARCHY OF NEEDS:

• may come to the fore when protection is needed depending on the place and status of the person.

Safety

MASLOW’S HIERARCHY OF NEEDS:

• Some people are satisfied with the lowest needs, in terms of food, shelter, and clothing.

Physiological needs

Values and dignity are NOT solicited because they are _____ in a person.

inherent

They are inculcated in everyday activities.

VALUES

4 Common Values:

• Dignity

• Collaboration

• Justice

• Stewardship

• Excellence

COMMON VALUES OF A PERSON:

• This means respecting the inherent value and worth of each person.

DIGNITY

COMMON VALUES OF A PERSON:

• difficult to define and describe when a person is still young.

DIGNITY

COMMON VALUES OF A PERSON:

• Dignity of a person is difficult to define and describe when a person is still young because dignity is usually appreciated in?

Older person (seniority & respect)

COMMON VALUES OF A PERSON:

• This translates to working together with people who support common values and vision to achieve shared goals.

COLLABORATION

COMMON VALUES OF A PERSON:

• This is achieved by advocating social change and acting in ways that promote respect for all persons and demonstrate compassion for our fellow human beings who are powerless.

JUSTICE

COMMON VALUES OF A PERSON:

• each person is given an equal chance to participate.

JUSTICE

COMMON VALUES OF A PERSON:

• This means cultivating the resources entrusted to us to promote healing and wholeness.

STEWARDSHIP

COMMON VALUES OF A PERSON:

• important value which is common among Filipinos who belong to a healthcare system.
  
  

STEWARDSHIP

COMMON VALUES OF A PERSON:

• This refers to exceeding expectations through teamwork and innovation.

EXCELLENCE

COMMON VALUES OF A PERSON:

• It is the most difficult thing to achieve because of the presence of intervening factors and obstacles in life.

EXCELLENCE

4 Important Factors of Dignity:

• This is found to be the most relevant in the context of older people: It relates to self-respect, and reflects an individual's identity as a person.

PERSONAL IDENTITY

4 Important Factors of Dignity:

• This can be violated by:

  • physical interference

  • emotional/psychological conditions (humiliation, insult, or embarrassment)

PERSONAL IDENTITY

4 Important Factors of Dignity:

• This type of dignity "refers to the inalienable value of human beings."

MENSCHENWÜRDE

4 Important Factors of Dignity:

• It is identified with or grounded in "what it is to be human."

MENSCHENWÜRDE

3 themes are identified within MENSCHENWÜRDE:

1. control of _______

physical functions

3 themes are identified within MENSCHENWÜRDE:

2. human beings are ________

storytelling animals

Human beings are storytelling animals, a core of which is the capacity to build and shape one's identity and understanding of oneself through?

development of meaningful life's stories

3 themes are identified within MENSCHENWÜRDE:

3. as social creatures, human beings require ______ which comes from their being recognized by others as worthy of respect.

self-respect

4 Important Factors of Dignity:

• This relates to dignity or social status that is ascribed to people because of their role or position in society, or because of what they have achieved.

MERIT

4 Important Factors of Dignity:

• When older people retire, they may be excluded from an active or wider involvement in society and may experience associated loss of their dignity.

MERIT

4 Important Factors of Dignity:

• This is emphasized by the person's moral autonomy or integrity.

MORAL STATUS

4 Important Factors of Dignity:

• If an older person is able to live according to his/her own moral principles, then that person will experience a sense of dignity.

MORAL STATUS

“not knowing what to do”

IGNORANCE

means lack of technical or theoretical knowledge in the act of doing work, a task, or any thing.

IGNORANCE

Prove any evidence of ignorance, these conditions should be met:

1 →

A person is not competent to do the job

Prove any evidence of ignorance, these conditions should be met:

2 →

He/She does not have any experience in doing the job.

Prove any evidence of ignorance, these conditions should be met:

3 →

He/She does the act without any knowledge of its consequence.

Prove any evidence of ignorance, these conditions should be met:

4 →

He/She has the ability of discernment but fails to execute the job because he/she has no knowledge about the job.

“making the choice to do what isincorrect”

NEGLIGENCE

Refers to a person's failure to use reasonable care.

NEGLIGENCE

2 FORMS of NEGLIGENCE:

• the failure to take action that a ____ person would do.

reasonable

2 FORMS of NEGLIGENCE:

• doing something that a reasonable person ____ do.

would NOT

Negligence - the responsible party's actions result in some form of ____ either to another person or to another person's property.

harm

5 Prerequisites to Prove Negligence:

• the accused:

  • owes a duty to the other party

  • failed to conform to the required standard of conduct

    • resulting in an injury

CAUSE OF ACTION

5 Prerequisites to Prove Negligence:

• Sometimes a plaintiff's injury results from more than one cause.

INTERVENING CAUSE

5 Prerequisites to Prove Negligence:

• Perhaps no issue in negligence law has caused more confusion than the issue of proximate cause.

REASONABLE CARE

5 Prerequisites to Prove Negligence:

• The hypothetically reasonable person provides an objective by which the conduct of others is judged.

REASONABLE CARE

5 Prerequisites to Prove Negligence: REASONABLE CARE

• In law, the reasonable person is NOT an average person or a typical person but a _________ as to how the typical community member should behave in situations that might pose a threat of harm to the public.

composite of the community's judgment

5 Prerequisites to Prove Negligence:

• A defendant is not liable for negligence：

  • even if he/she did not act with reasonable care

  • if he/she did not owe a duty to the plaintiff

DUTY

5 Prerequisites to Prove Negligence:

• In general, a person is duty-bound to all persons at all times to exercise reasonable care for their physical safety and the safety of their property.

DUTY

5 Prerequisites to Prove Negligence:

• may lead to unjust results.

DUTY

Negligence is also used to describe someone's actions or used as a?

justification for a lawsuit

4 steps in proving negligence:

1 →

The defendant had a duty of care.

4 steps in proving negligence:

2 →

The defendant did not meet that duty of care.

4 steps in proving negligence:

3 →

The plaintiff suffered harm that a reasonable person in the defendant's position could have foreseen.

4 steps in proving negligence:

4 →

The damage was caused by a breach of the duty of care.