A&P Lab quiz 3

facet

a smooth, flat, slightly concave or convex articular surface (articular facets of the vertebrae)

head

the prominent expanded end of a bone, sometimes rounded (head of the femur)

process

any bony prominence (mastoid process of the skull)

protuberance

a bony outgrowth or protruding part (mental protuberance of the chin)

tuberosity

a rough elevated surface (tibial tuberosity)

sulcus

a groove for a tendon, nerve, or blood vessel (intertubercular sulcus of the humerus)

canal

a tubular passage or tunnel in a bone (auditory canal of the skull)

fissure

a slit through a bone (orbital fissures behind the eye)

foramen

a hole through a bone, usually round (foramen magnum of the skull)

sinus

an air-filled space in a bone (frontal sinus of the forehead)

the hyoid bone

* only bone in the body that is not attached to another bone
* is easily broken during strangulation & hangings

image of the skull - front view

image of the skull - side view

types of vertebrae in the spinal column

* cervical
* thoracic
* lumbar
* sacral
* coccyx

cervical vertebrae

* concave shape
* 7 vertebra

thoracic vertebrae

* convex shape
* 12 vertebra

lumbar vertebrae

* concave shape
* 5 vertebra

sacral vertebrae

* convex shape
* 5 fused vertebra

coccyx

* n/a shape
* 4 fused vertebra

image of cervical vertebrae

image of thoracic vertebrae

image of lumbar vertebrae

image of special cervical vertebrae: atlas & axis

special cervical vertebrae: atlas & axis

* first 2 vertebrae in the spinal column (atlas is 1st, then axis)
* base of the skull rests on the atlas
* atlas rests on top of the axis

image of rib cage