12. Diseases of the Nervous System

what is the Central Nervous System?

what makes up consists of the brain and spinal cord (and retina and olfactory and optic nerves).

 what makes up the meninges

what create the blood-brain barrier, which protects the brain from most neurotoxins.

what is the peripheral nervous system

what consists mainly of nerves that connect the CNS to the rest of the body.

what are the layers of meninges

dura mater- tough mother

arachnoid mater- spider mother

pia mater- tender mother

what is Meningitis

the inflammation of the meninges

what is Hydrocephalus

what means water on the brain or water in the head.

what is Primary hydrocephalus

what type of hydrocephalus is caused by birth defects.

what is Secondary hydrocephalus

what type of hydrocephalus that occurs later in life and a result of

what is Encephalitis

what is inflammation of the brain.

what is Encephalon

greek word for brain

what are Convulsions

what are the abnormal, violent, and involuntary contraction of muscles

what are Seizures

what are sudden, uncontrolled discharges of electrical activity in the brain.

What are All convulsions are seizures

Not all seizures involve convulsions.

what is Myelitis

what is an inflammation of the spinal cord that disrupts communication between the brain and the rest of the body, causing symptoms like paralysis and sensory loss.

What is Neuritis

What is inflammation of one or more nerves, or the general inflammation of the peripheral nervous system.

What is Epilepsy

What is a group of neurological disorders characterized by a tendency for recurrent, unprovoked seizures.

What are Absence seizures

What is (formerly known as petit mal) are one of several kinds of generalized seizures.

what are Tonic–clonic seizures

what (formerly known as grand mal) are the seizure type most commonly associated with epilepsy and metabolic imbalances.

what is Multiple sclerosis (MS)

what is an autoimmune disease where the immune system attacks myelin, the insulating cover of nerve cells in the human body.

what is Parkinson's disease

what is a neurodegenerative disease primarily of the central nervous system, affecting both motor and non-motor systems.- decaying dopamine producing neurons

what are the four cardinal motor symptoms of PD.

tremors, slowed movements (bradykinesia), rigidity, and difficulty maintaining balance

what are Lewy bodies.

what are Misfolded proteins aggregate to form clumps

what is Alzheimer's disease

what is a neurodegenerative disease and the most common form of dementia, accounting for 60–70% of cases.

what is Sundowning

what is confusion or disorientation that gets worse in the afternoon or the evening. This is a common symptom in many forms of dementia.

how do you confirm accurate diagnose alzhiemer’s

when you Examination of brain tissue is needed for a definite diagnosis, but this can only happen after death.

what is Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis ALS Lou Gherig’s disease

what is a rare, fatal neurodegenerative disease defined by the progressive loss of both upper and lower motor neurons that normally control voluntary muscle contraction.

what is Cerebral palsy

what is a group of movement disorders that appear in early childhood.

what is Rabies

what is a fatal zoonotic viral disease that causes acute and severe encephalitis in humans and other mammals.

why was rabies historically referred to as hydrophobia

what disease has ("fear of water") because victims panic when offered liquids to drink.

what is a Concussion

what iis a head injury resulting in temporary loss of consciousness, paralysis, vomiting, and seizures.

what is a Contusion

what is a head injury that bruises the brain, which causes hemorrhage. Contusions may involve skull fractures.

what is Extradural or epidural

what is bleeding between the dura mater and the skull

what is Subdural

what is bleeding between the dura mater and the arachnoid membrane

what is Subarachnoid

what is bleeding between the pia mater and the arachnoid membrane

what is Associated postmortem conditions of nervous system disorders

1.Brain purge

2.Hemorrhage

3.Atrophy

4.Diminished circulation

5.Emaciation/cachexia