Air Law - Exam Revision

VFR Visibility:
Differences: above 10,000ft
Below 10,000ft
Below 3,000 - different airspace clases.

Above 10,000ft
Vis 8km, cloud 1,500m horizontally 1,000ft vertically

Below 10,000ft
Vis 5k, cloud same.

Below 3,000ft AMSL or 1,000ft above terrain
A to E: same
F/G: 5km clear of cloud in sight of surface

1st Freedom

Right to overfly without landing

2nd Freedom

Right to land for refuelling or technical

3rd Freedom

A to B

4th Freedom

B to A

5th Freedom

A - C - B, fly from home to foreign, stopping in a foreign to take on and drop passengers.

Banner and Mountain Rating:

banner towing= 5 in 24months
least 100 hours of flight time and 200 take-offs and landings as PIC


mountain rating=6 in 24months

Basic Regulation

• (B)inding Rule

• It is the main piece of EU legislation

• establishes EASA

Signals Aerodrome to Traffic in flight - Green Flash

Return To Land

Signals Aerodrome to Traffic in flight - Green Steady

Cleared to Land

Signals Aerodrome to Traffic in flight - Red Flash

Unsafe Do Not Land (Flashing = bad, flash =unsafe)

Signals Aerodrome to Traffic in flight - Red Steady

Giveway Keep Circling

Signals Aerodrome to Traffic in flight - White Flash

Land - proceed to apron.

Signals Aerodrome to Traffic in flight - Red Flare

Do not land (not withstanding)

Signals for Aircraft on Ground - Steady Green

Cleared for Takeoff

Signals for Aircraft on Ground - Flashing Green

Cleared to Taxi

Signals for Aircraft on Ground - Steady Red

Stop

Signals for Aircraft on Ground - Flashing Red

Taxi clear of Landing Area

Signals for Aircraft on Ground - White Flash

Return to starting point

Mayday: Nipple

Nature
Intentions
PP Present Position
L Level
E hEading

Fix Tolerance DME / TAR / RSR:

DME 0.25 Move line on E to get 5
TAR 0.8 line on R to get 8 (Terminal Area Radar)
RSR 1,7 S=Seven (enroute Surv Radar)

AIP Parts:

GEN:
- Location Indicators,
- SIGMET/Meteo,
- Differences from ICAO standards,
- Aircraft Equipment/Documents/Instruments (anti-collision lights)
- Search And Rescue

ENR:
- Holding/Arrival/Departure,
- Dangerous/Restricted/Prohibited Areas,
- Transition Altitude,
- Unlawful interference
- Air Traffic Services Airspace

AD:
- Refueling,
- airport lights

Circling vs Holding Bank Angle

Holding 25 degree
Circling 20 degree (20 has a 0circle in it)

Light Intensity:

minecraft torches as an analogy to remember this. redstone torches are low intensity and regular torches (white) are high

Fix Tolerance:

Effected by ground system tolerance
AND
Airbourne receiver tolerance
AND
Flight Technical

Transition:

Transition Level:
Transition Layer
Transition Altitude

on way down, change at the level
on way up change at the altitude

the name Level / Altitude, you change at the one you are on.

Aircraft Performance Category

A = Jet
B = Small Prop
C = Big Prop

How to find the entry (Question)

For standard right hand holds:
You need:
our heading/track towards the fix
The OUTBOUND track.

E.g approach Heading 190°, outbound 210°

1. Draw a DI with approach heading at the top

2. Draw a line from the heading to the centre

3. 90° to the right, then count back 20° (imagine covering with your thumb to move back 20°

4. draw line from that point to the reciprocal

5. name the sections POD. Small = O, Med = P , big = direct.

6. Draw in the OUTBOUND

7. This shows you it is in the offset section.

For left hand do the sane, but use left thumb on left side (so it will be +20 instead).

Flight Plan Letters

SS = distreSS
DD = DDurgency
FF = Flight Fafety
GG = meteoroloGGical / reGGularity
KK = ''kk just gimme a break with this admin stuff pls''

Independent Parallel Approach and Departures:

Approach min 30°
Departure 15°

NTZ is 610M
the min distance between two runway centre lines is 760m

Independent is better than dependents

Dependent Parallel Approach and Departures:

Departure is 30°
760m min runway

What Airspace is IFR Seperated from other IFR and VFR?

IFR is separated from other IFR in A to E and sometimes F.

IFR is separated from VFR: A to C

What Airspace is VFR Separated from other

VFR to VFR = B

VFR to IFR B & C

Airspace Speed Limits

A to C no limit
C+ 250kt below 10,000

What airspace has which AirTraffic Service?

A to D = ATC Service for all

E = IFR = ATC, VFR = Information
F = IFR = Advisory

Others - information

Security

aircraft security check= check if the interior of the aircraft



security control = prevent



screening= detect