The State

Authority

The official power or right to give orders, make decisions, and enforce obedience.

Власть, полномочия.

Legislation

A law or a set of laws suggested by a government and made official by a parliament.

Законодательство, законы.

Coercion

The practice of persuading someone to do something by using force or threats.

Принуждение, насилие.

Sovereignty

The supreme power or authority of a state to govern itself or another state.

Суверенность, суверенитет.

Compliance

The act of obeying an order, rule, or request.

Соответствие, соблюдение правил или законов.

Tax

A compulsory contribution to state revenue, levied by the government on workers' income and business profits.

Налог, налогообложение.

Unitary state

A state governed as a single power in which the central government is ultimately supreme.

Унитарное государство.

Federation

A group of states with a central government but independence in internal affairs.

Федерация.

Subordinate

Lower in rank or position; under the authority of a superior.

Подчиненный, подвластный.

To interfere

To involve oneself officially or formally in a situation without invitation or necessity.

Вмешиваться.

Judicial system

The system of courts of law that administers justice and interprets the laws.

Судебная система.

Monarchy

A form of government with a monarch (such as a king or queen) at the head.

Монархия.

Republic

A state in which supreme power is held by the people and their elected representatives, and which has an elected president.

Республика.

To vote

To express a choice or opinion in an election or a meeting, officially casting a ballot.

Голосовать.

To elect

To choose someone for a public office or position by voting.

Выбирать, избирать.

Internal/external function

The roles of a state directed either inward (maintaining order inside the country) or outward (conducting foreign policy and defense).

Внутренняя/внешняя функция.

To ensure

To make certain that something will occur or be the case.

Обеспечивать, гарантировать.

Political regime

A set of political structures and processes that make up the formal and informal character of a government.

Политический режим.

Totalitarianism/totalitarian regime

A system of government that is centralized and dictatorial and requires complete subservience to the state.

Тоталитаризм / тоталитарный режим.

Authoritarianism/authoritarian regime

A political system that concentrates power in the hands of a leader or a small elite, strictly limiting political freedoms.

Авторитаризм / авторитарный режим.

Democracy/democratic regime

A system of government where power is vested in the people, who rule either directly or through freely elected representatives.

Демократия / демократический режим.

To forbid

To refuse to allow something; to ban or prohibit.

Запрещать.

Surveillance

Close observation, especially of a suspected spy or a population by the government.

Слежка, надзор.

Dissent

The expression or holding of opinions at variance with those previously or officially held.

Инакомыслие, несогласие.

Denunciation

The act of informing against someone to the authorities, or publicly condemning someone.

Донос, публичное осуждение.

To obey/obedience

To do what you are told to do / compliance with an order, request, or law.

Повиноваться, подчиняться / послушание, повиновение.

To eliminate

To completely remove or get rid of something or someone.

Устранять, ликвидировать.

To disguise

To give a new appearance to something to hide its true character or nature.

Маскировать, скрывать.

To possess

To have or own something, such as power, rights, or property.

Обладать, владеть.

Equality

The right of different groups of people to have a similar social position and receive the same treatment.

Равенство, равноправие.