American Republic Ch. 6

Second Continental Congress

Colonial government that assembled in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; took control the army at Boston and asked the colonies for war supplies and troops.

Continental Army

Troops controlled by the Second Continental Congress and commanded by George Washington.

Olive Branch Petition

Petition for peace sent by the Second Continental Congress to King George III.

Ethan Allen

a. Leader of a force called the Green Mountain Boys.

b. With the help of Benedict Arnold, he captured Fort Ticonderoga, Crown Point, and another nearby British fort.

Fort Ticonderoga

British fort located in New York; captured in 1775 by Ethan Allen’s Green Mountain Boys and other soldiers.

Patriots

Individuals who favored fighting the British.

Battle of Bunker Hill

Battle on Breed’s Hill near Boston in 1775 resulting in a costly British victory.

Hessians

Hired soldiers, or mercenaries, from Germany.

Loyalists

Colonists who opposed fighting Britain.

Henry Knox

a. 25 year old Boston bookseller-turned-soldier

b. Hauled 60 tons of artillery from Fort Ticonderoga to Dorchester Heights in Boston, effectively freeing the city from the British and loyalists.