CH 7: Lymphatic, and Immune System

Colloid

Liquid containing suspended particles.

Matrix

Substance that surrounds, protects, and holds cells together.

Nutrient

Part of food necessary for the body to function normally.

Nutrition

Study of food and liquid requirements for normal body function.

Nutritionist

Person specializing in the body's food and liquid requirements.

Plasma

Fluid, noncellular component of blood.

Platelet

Small blood particle involved in clotting.

Serum

Fluid remaining after blood cells are removed and blood has clotted.

Agranulocyte

White blood cell without visible granules in its cytoplasm.

Basophil

White blood cell whose granules stain blue with basic dyes.

Eosinophil

White blood cell whose granules stain rosy-red.

Erythrocyte

Red blood cell.

Granulocyte

White blood cell containing small granules in its cytoplasm.

Heme

Iron-containing component of hemoglobin that binds oxygen.

Hemoglobin

Red-pigmented protein that is the main component of red blood cells.

Leukocyte

White blood cell.

Lymphocyte

Small white blood cell with a large nucleus.

Monocyte

Large white blood cell with a single nucleus.

Neutrophil

White blood cell whose granules stain with both acidic and basic dyes.

Polymorphonuclear

White blood cell with a multilobed nucleus.

Coagulant

Substance that causes blood clotting.

Coagulation

Process of blood clotting.

Fibrin

Stringy protein fiber that forms part of a blood clot.

Fibroblast

Cell that produces collagen fibers.

Hemostasis

Control or stopping of bleeding.

Prothrombin

Protein made by the liver that is converted into thrombin during clotting.

Thrombocyte

Platelet.

Von Willebrand

Physician whose name is associated with von Willebrand disease.

Antibody

Protein produced by the immune system in response to an antigen.

Antigen

Substance capable of triggering an immune response.

Rhesus factor

Antigen found on the surface of red blood cells in Rh-positive individuals.

Absorb

To take in.

Afferent

Moving toward a center.

Allergen

Substance that causes an allergic reaction.

Allergic

Pertaining to or suffering from an allergy.

Allergy

Hypersensitivity to a particular allergen.

Efferent

Moving away from a center.

Immune

Protected from an infectious disease.

Interstitial

Pertaining to spaces between cells in a tissue or organ.

Lymph

Clear fluid collected from tissues and transported through lymphatic vessels.

Lymphatic

Pertaining to lymph or the lymphatic system.

Lymphoid

Resembling lymphatic tissue.

Node

A distinct mass of tissue.

Pathogen

Disease-causing microorganism.

Pollutant

Substance that makes an environment unclean or impure.

Adenoid

Mass of lymphoid tissue at the back of the throat behind the nose.

Bacterium/Bacteria

Single-celled microscopic organisms.

Follicle

Small spherical structure or cavity, like in hair

Immunoglobulin

Protein produced in response to an antigen; an antibody.

Spleen

Vascular lymphatic organ located in the upper left abdomen.

Thymus

Organ in the mediastinum involved in immune system development.

Tonsil

Mass of lymphoid tissue on either side of the back of the throat.

Discrimination

Ability to distinguish between different things.

Immunity

State of being protected from disease.

Immunologist

Medical specialist in immunology.

Immunology

Study of immunity and allergic reactions.

Mutation

Change in the genetic material of a cell.

Nonself

Foreign antigens recognized by the immune system.

Self

Body's own antigens.

Specific

Relating to a particular entity.

Specificity

Ability to recognize or respond to a particular entity.

Toxin

Poisonous substance produced by a cell or organism.

Toxicity

State of being poisonous.

Attenuate

To weaken an organism's ability to cause disease.

Attenuated

Weakened.

Complement

Group of serum proteins that help antibodies destroy bacteria and other cells.

Humoral immunity

Immune defense involving antibodies in the blood.

Immunize

To make someone resistant to an infectious disease.

Immunization

Administration of an agent to provide immunity.

Vaccinate

To administer a vaccine.

Vaccination

Administration of a vaccine.

Vaccine

Preparation used to stimulate active immunity against disease.

Agglutinate

To stick together and form clumps.

Agglutination

Process in which cells or particles stick together to form clumps.

Anemia

Condition involving a decreased number of red blood cells or reduced hemoglobin.

Anemic

Pertaining to or suffering from anemia.

Aplastic anemia

Condition in which bone marrow cannot produce enough red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets.

Hemoglobinopathy

Disease caused by abnormal hemoglobin in red blood cells.

Hemolysis

Destruction of red blood cells, releasing hemoglobin.

Hemolytic

Pertaining to the destruction of red blood cells.

Hypoxia

Below-normal oxygen levels in body tissues.

Hypoxic

Deficient in oxygen.

Hypoxemia

Decreased oxygen level in the blood.

Oxyhemoglobin

Hemoglobin combined with oxygen.

Pallor

Abnormal paleness of the skin.

Pernicious anemia

Anemia caused by vitamin B12 deficiency due to impaired absorption.

Polycythemia

Condition involving excessive production of red blood cells.

Trait

A distinct inherited or observable characteristic.

Vitamin

Essential organic substance needed in small amounts for normal cell function.

Erythroblastosis fetalis

Hemolytic disease of the fetus or newborn caused by maternal antibodies destroying fetal red blood cells.

Fetus

Human organism from the end of the eighth week after conception until birth.

Fetal

Pertaining to the fetus.

Incompatible

Unable to function together normally because of a physiological conflict.

Incompatibility

Condition in which substances or tissues are incompatible.

Maternal

Pertaining to or derived from the mother.

Miscarriage

Spontaneous loss of pregnancy before fetal viability.

Placenta

Organ that allows exchange of nutrients, gases, and wastes between mother and fetus.

Spherocyte

Spherical red blood cell.

Spherocytosis

Presence of spherical red blood cells in the blood.

Leukemia

Cancer involving abnormal production of white blood cells or their precursors.