Chapters 5 and 6 Study Guide: Classification, Plants, Fungi, and Body Systems

Vocabulary flashcards covering biological classification, gymnosperms, algae, fungi, and ecological interactions from Chapters 5 and 6.

Carolus Linnaeus

The Swedish naturalist who devised the scientific system of classification used today.

Classification Hierarchy

The order of levels used to organize and classify all living things: Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, Species.

Scientific Name

A two-word name where the first word indicates the genus (capitalized) and the second word indicates the species (lowercase), written in italics or underlined.

Gymnosperms

Vascular plants that reproduce by seeds without producing flowers or fruits, instead forming cones or cone-like structures to protect their seeds.

Conifers

Gymnosperms that include pines, spruces, firs, cedars, cypresses, and redwoods.

Cycad

A gymnosperm that resembles a palm tree and grows in certain tropical regions.

Ginkgo

An oriental gymnosperm characterized by two-lobed, fan-shaped leaves.

Mosses

Non-vascular plants that lack xylem and phloem.

Ferns

Nonflowering vascular plants with spore-bearing leaves and horizontal underground stems that reproduce via spores.

Spores

Tiny, one-celled reproductive structures that can grow into distinct or independent organisms.

Sporangia

Structures that contain between 48 and 64 microscopic spores and burst open when the spores ripen.

Green Algae

The largest group of algae.

Yellow Algae

The group of algae that includes diatoms.

Brown Algae

The group of algae that includes kelp, rock woods, and gulfweeds.

Dinoflagellates

The group of algae responsible for the "red tide" that can be toxic to other organisms.

Saprophytes

Organisms that obtain their nutrition from dead organisms.

Heterotrophs

Organisms, such as fungi, that are dependent upon other organisms for food, lack chlorophyll, and do not perform photosynthesis.

Mycelium

The main body part of fungi, located underground in Club Fungi.

Lichen

A single unit formed by a fungus and an alga living together in a close, mutually beneficial relationship.

Symbiosis

A relationship in which two different kinds of organisms live together for mutual benefit.