O chem flash cards AP Bio

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Last updated 10:17 PM on 10/7/26
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16 Terms

1
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hydroxl

-OH , makes it polar, alcohol and sugars

2
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carbonyl, aldenyde

carbon double bonded to oxygen, end of the chain, makes polar

<p>carbon double bonded to oxygen, end of the chain, makes polar</p>
3
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carbonyl ketone

middle of the chain, double bonded oxygen, makes it polar

<p>middle of the chain, double bonded oxygen, makes it polar</p>
4
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carboxyl

carbon double bonded to oxygen and single to a oh, acidic, releases a H+,

<p>carbon double bonded to oxygen and single to a oh, acidic, releases a H+,</p>
5
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amino

nitrogen bonded to 2 hydregon, basic, picks up a H+,

<p>nitrogen bonded to 2 hydregon, basic, picks up a H+,</p>
6
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phosphates

Phosphorus bound to 3 oxygen and a OH

usally the ionized verison( the photo)

negative

acidic

energy transfer, ATP

<p>Phosphorus bound to 3 oxygen and a OH</p><p>usally the ionized verison( the photo)</p><p>negative</p><p>acidic</p><p>energy transfer, ATP</p>
7
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sulfhydryl

sulfur bonded to hydregon, polar, builds sulfide bridge for protein structures

<p>sulfur bonded to hydregon, polar, builds sulfide bridge for protein structures</p>
8
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methyl

non polar

3 hydregon one carbon

hydrophobic

gene expression(turns it off)

<p>non polar</p><p>3 hydregon one carbon</p><p>hydrophobic</p><p>gene expression(turns it off)</p>
9
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acetyl

carbonyl+methyl

polar

turns on gene expression

<p>carbonyl+methyl</p><p>polar</p><p>turns on gene expression</p>
10
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dehydration synthesis

removes a water to form a covalent bond to form two monomers into a polymer, aided by enzymes

<p>removes a water to form a covalent bond to form two monomers into a polymer, aided by enzymes</p>
11
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hydrolisis

breaks apart monomers by adding a water molecule

<p>breaks apart monomers by adding a water molecule</p>
12
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why is carbon a good building block

4 VEs, variation in structure

13
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strucutral isomer

two different structures same formula

14
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cis isomer

two molecules on the same side

<p>two molecules on the same side</p>
15
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trans isomer

two molecules on different sides

<p>two molecules on different sides</p>
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enantiomers

non impossable mirror images of eachother

like your hands

<p>non impossable mirror images of eachother</p><p>like your hands</p>