Lab Practical 1

Labs 1-4 Muscle names, functions, origins, insertions, nerve innervations

origin of trapezius

occipital protuberance, ligamentum nuchae, spinous processes of C7-T12

insertion of upper fibers of trapezius

lateral clavicle

insertion of middle fibers of trapezius

spine of scapula

insertion of lower fibers of trapezius

root of spine of scapula

movement of upper fibers of trapezius

elevation of scapula, upward rotation of scapula

movement of middle fibers of trapezius

retraction of scapula

action of lower fibers of trapezius

depression of scapula, upward rotation of scapula

nerve supply to trapezius

spinal accessory nerve

origin of rhomboid minor

spinous processes of C7-T1

insertion of rhomboid minor

root of spine of scapula

action of rhomboid minor

retraction of scapula, downward rotation of scapula

nerve supply to rhomboid minor

dorsal scapular nerve

origin of rhomboid major

spinous processes of T2-T5

insertion of rhomboid major

vertebral border of scapula inferior to root of spine

action of rhomboid major

retraction of scapula, downward rotation of scapula

nerve supply to rhomboid major

dorsal scapular nerve

origin of levator scapulae

transverse processes of C1-C4

insertion of levator scapulae

vertebral border of scapula superior to root of spine

action of levator scapulae

elevation of scapula, downward rotation of scapula

nerve supply to levator scapulae

dorsal scapular nerve

origin of latissimus dorsi

spinous processes of T7-T12, lower ribs, thoracolumbar aponeuroses, iliac crest

insertion of latissimus dorsi

bicipital groove of humerus

action of latissimus dorsi

extension of shoulder, internal rotation of shoulder, adduction of shoulder

nerve supply to latissimus dorsi

thoracodorsal nerve

origin of serratus posterior superior

ligamentum nuchae, spinous processes of C7-T3

insertion of serratus posterior superior

superior border of ribs 2-4

action of serratus posterior superior

elevates ribs

nerve supply to serratus posterior superior

intercostal nerves T1-T4

origin of serratus posterior inferior

spinous processes of T11-L2

insertion of serratus posterior inferior

inferior border of ribs 9-12

action of serratus posterior inferior

depresses ribs

nerve supply to serratus posterior inferior

intercostal nerves T9-T12

origin of iliocostalis

posterior ribs, thoracolumnar aponeurosis, iliac crest, sacrum

insertion of iliocostalis

transverse processes of cervical vertebrae, posterior ribs

action of iliocostalis

extension of vertebral column, lateral flexion of vertebral column

nerve supply to iliocostalis

posterior rami of spinal nerves

origin of longissimus

Transverse processes of cervical and thoracic vertebrae, Thoracolumbar aponeurosis, Iliac crest, Sacrum

insertion of longissimus

Mastoid process, Transverse processes of cervical and thoracic vertebrae

action of longissimus

Extension of vertebral column, Lateral flexion of vertebral column

nerve supply to longissimus

posterior rami of spinal nerves

origin of spinalis

Ligamentum nuchae, Spinous processes of cervical, thoracic, and lumbar vertebrae

insertion of spinalis

Occipital bone, Spinous processes of cervical and thoracic vertebrae

action of spinalis

Extension of vertebral column, Lateral flexion of vertebral column

nerve supply to spinalis

Posterior rami of spinal nerves

origin of rectus capitus posterior major

Spinous process of axis

insertion of rectus capitus posterior major

Occipital bone

action of rectus capitus posterior major

Extension of atlanto-occipital joint, Ispilateral rotation at the atlanto-axial joint

nerve supply to rectus capitus posterior major

Posterior ramus of spinal nerve C1

origin of rectus capitus posterior minor

Posterior tubercle of atlas

insertion of rectus capitus posterior minor

Occipital bone

action of rectus capitus posterior minor

Extension of atlanto-occipital joint

nerve supply to rectus capitus posterior minor

Posterior ramus of spinal nerve C1

origin of Obliquus Capitus Superior

Transverse process of atlas

insertion of Obliquus Capitus Superior

Occipital bone

action of Obliquus Capitus Superior

Extension of atlanto-occipital joint, Lateral flexion of atlanto-occipital joint

nerve supply to Obliquus Capitus Superior

Posterior ramus of spinal nerve C1

origin of Obliquus Capitus Inferior

Superior process of axis

insertion of Obliquus Capitus Inferior

Transverse process of the atlas

action of Obliquus Capitus Inferior

Ipsilateral rotation of the atlanto-axial joint

nerve supply to Obliquus Capitus Inferior

Posterior ramus of spinal nerve C1

origin of Splenius Capitus

Ligamentum nuchae, Spinous process of C7-T3

insertion of Splenius Capitus

Occipital bone, Mastoid Process

action of Splenius Capitus

Extension of head and neck, Lateral flexion and rotation of head

nerve supply to Splenius Capitus

Posterior ramus of spinal nerve C2-3

origin of pectoralis major

clavicular head: medial clavicle, sternal head: sternum and costal cartilages of superior ribs

insertion of pectoralis major

Lateral bicipital groove of humerus

action of pectoralis major

Both:
- Adduction of shoulder
- Horizontal adduction of shoulder
- Internal rotation of shoulder
Clavicular head:
- Flexion of shoulder
Sternal head:
- Extension of shoulder to neutral

nerve supply to pectoralis major

Clavicular head: lateral and medial pectoral nerves, sternal head: medial pectoral nerve

origin of pectoralis minor

Anterior surface of ribs 3-5

insertion of pectoralis minor

Coracoid process of scapula

action of pectoralis minor

Protraction of scapula, Depression of scapula, Downward rotation of scapula

nerve supply to pectoralis minor

Medial pectoral nerve

origin of serratus anterior

Lateral surface of superior ribs

insertion of serratus anterior

Medial (vertebral) border of scapula

action of serratus anterior

Protraction of scapula, Upward rotation of scapula, Holds scapula to thoracic wall

nerve supply to serratus anterior

Long thoracic nerve

origin of subclavius

Costal cartilage of rib 1

insertion of subclavius

Inferior border of clavicle

action of subclavius

Stabilizes clavicle

nerve supply to subclavius

Nerve to subclavius

origin of scalenes

Transverse processes of cervical vertebrae

insertion of scalenes

Ribs 1 and 2

action of subclavius

Elevation of ribs 1 and 2, Flexion of cervical vertebrae, Lateral flexion of cervical vertebrae

nerve supply to subclavius

Anterior rami of spinal nerves

origin of sternocleidomastoid

Sternal head: Manubrium, Clavicular head: Medial clavicle

insertion of sternocleidomastoid

Mastoid process

action of sternocleidomastoid

Flexion of neck, Ipsilateral lateral flexion of neck and contralateral rotation of neck

nerve supply to sternocleidomastoid

cranial nerve 11

origin of platysma

Fascia over upper chest

insertion of platysma

mandible

action of platysma

tension of skin of neck

nerve supply to playsma

cranial nerve 12

origin of external intercostals

Inferior margin of rib above

insertion of external intercostals

Superior margin of rib below

action of external intercostals

Elevates ribs during inspiration

nerve supply to external intercostals

Intercostal nerves

origin of internal intercostals

Superior margin of rib below

insertion of internal intercostals

Inferior margin of rib above

action of internal intercostals

Depresses ribs during forced expiration

nerve supply to internal intercostals

Intercostal nerves