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When can octet expansion occur?
When a p block element has more than 8 electrons in their outer shell
What have more than 8 electrons in their outer shell?
Period 3 onwards
What orbitals do period 3 onwards have?
d orbitals - electrons can enter empty d orbitals allowing the central atom to have more than 8 electrons
What kind of hybridisation occurs when lower orbital electrons enter empty d orbitals?
sp3d2 hybridisation
Explain sp3d2 hybridisation
s and p paired electrons promoted from their ground state to empty 3d orbitals (excited state), giving 6 unpaired electrons available for bonding