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Subduction
Result of compression of plates that creates a trench
DSDP
Deep Sea Drilling Program
Mechanical Weathering
A process that breaks down rock and soil through physical action
Rift
Result of tension that forms a volcanic mountain chain on land
Divergent
Result of tension that causes plates to form
Magnetism
Is found in rocks near a M.O.R. that was used as evidence of plate tectonics
Transform
Boundary type that has shear forces on it
Island Arc
Result of tension that forms a volcanic mountain chain near a coastline or beach
Convection Currents
This force is what causes seafloor spreading to occur
Convergent
Boundary type that has gravitational forces on it
Chemical Weathering
A process that breaks down rock and soil through a reaction
Erosion
A process that transports rock and soil through a reaction
Meander
Shape of a river where the water on the inside of the bend has slower moving water
Confluence
Part of a river where two flows join
Headwaters
Also known as the source of a river
Oxbow
Heavy meander of a river that has reversed the flow
Delta
Found at the mouth of the river
Eon/Era/Period/Epoch
Hierarchy of time
Absolute Dating
Used to determine the age of a rock layer
Index Fossil
Type of fossil found in or near a river
Stratigraphy
The branch of geology concerned with the study of rock layers and layering
Relative Dating
The science of determining the relative order of past events
Cinder Cone Volcano
Felsic Volcano that is very steep and usually short
Pyroclastic flow
Extremely dangerous explosion that forces ash, cinders, and rocks down the mountain at 200 mph
Aa
Hawaiian term for a blocky and sharp lava flow
S-wave
Wave that moves perpendicular to the direction an earthquake wave travels, and only travels through solids
Pahoehoe
Hawaiian term for a smooth, rope-like lava flow
Seismic Wave
Mechanical waves of energy that move through the earth at different speeds
Tephra
Different sizes of volcanic material that get released from a volcano
Shield Volcano
Volcano formed from mafic magma that has a broad and fairly flat shape
P-wave
Fastest wave that will arrive first in an earthquake and can move through liquids, solids, and gasses
Strato / Composite Volcano
Volcano formed from andesitic magma that forms from oceanic and continental plates colliding