Subduction to S wave: 30 terms

Subduction

Result of compression of plates that creates a trench

DSDP

Deep Sea Drilling Program

Mechanical Weathering

A process that breaks down rock and soil through physical action

Rift

Result of tension that forms a volcanic mountain chain on land

Divergent

Result of tension that causes plates to form

Magnetism

Is found in rocks near a M.O.R. that was used as evidence of plate tectonics

Transform

Boundary type that has shear forces on it

Island Arc

Result of tension that forms a volcanic mountain chain near a coastline or beach

Convection Currents

This force is what causes seafloor spreading to occur

Convergent

Boundary type that has gravitational forces on it

Chemical Weathering

A process that breaks down rock and soil through a reaction

Erosion

A process that transports rock and soil through a reaction

Meander

Shape of a river where the water on the inside of the bend has slower moving water

Confluence

Part of a river where two flows join

Headwaters

Also known as the source of a river

Oxbow

Heavy meander of a river that has reversed the flow

Delta

Found at the mouth of the river

Eon/Era/Period/Epoch

Hierarchy of time

Absolute Dating

Used to determine the age of a rock layer

Index Fossil

Type of fossil found in or near a river

Stratigraphy

The branch of geology concerned with the study of rock layers and layering

Relative Dating

The science of determining the relative order of past events

Cinder Cone Volcano

Felsic Volcano that is very steep and usually short

Pyroclastic flow

Extremely dangerous explosion that forces ash, cinders, and rocks down the mountain at 200 mph

Aa

Hawaiian term for a blocky and sharp lava flow

S-wave

Wave that moves perpendicular to the direction an earthquake wave travels, and only travels through solids

Pahoehoe

Hawaiian term for a smooth, rope-like lava flow

Seismic Wave

Mechanical waves of energy that move through the earth at different speeds

Tephra

Different sizes of volcanic material that get released from a volcano

Shield Volcano

Volcano formed from mafic magma that has a broad and fairly flat shape

P-wave

Fastest wave that will arrive first in an earthquake and can move through liquids, solids, and gasses

Strato / Composite Volcano

Volcano formed from andesitic magma that forms from oceanic and continental plates colliding