APUSH 7.1-7.4

william h seward

secretary of state (1861-1869); helped make br and fr not join confederates; expansionist (got alaska)

queen liliuokalani

hawaiian monarch; us tried to annex hawaii

alfred thayer mahan

us navy captian; wrote the influence of sea power upon history (about strong navies being crucial to secure foreign markets); us became 3rd largest navy

josiah strong

darwinism; our country: its possible future and present crisis (anglo-saxons were fittest to survive)

jingoism

intense nationalism calling for aggressive foreign policy

yellow journalism

sensationalistic reporting with bold headlines

sinking of the uss maine

exploded while anchored in havana; yellow press blamed spain

george dewey

commander of fleeet that went to phillippines; captured manilla bay

rough riders

regiment of volunteers led by teddy roosevelt; cavalry charge up in san juan hill

emilio aguinaldo

filipino nationalist leader; fought with us troops in war; now led guerilla fighters against us control

anti-imperialist league

william jennings bryan; against expansion in pacific

platt amendment (1901)

cuba had to agree to never sign treaty that impairs its independence, us can intervene to preserve its independence, allow us to maintain naval bases in cuba

john hay

mckinley’s secretary of state; worried about china being taken control over; “open door” policy

open door policy

all nations have equal trading privileges in china

big stick policy

roosevelt; aggressive foreign policy; build us reputation as a foreign power

panama canal

to keep lands after s-a war, us wanted to build their canal in panama; hay-bunan-varilla treaty made this happen

roosevelt corollary

us would intervene in latin america when states don’t pay debts

great white fleet

roosevelt sent battleships around world/japan to show us naval power

william howard taft

roosevelt’s successor; more focused on trade instead of expansion; dollar diplomacy

dollar diplomacy

used economic power instead of military to support us interest and trade

woodrow wilson

dem. candidate; opposed imperialism, big stick, and dollar diplomacy; new freedom

william jennings bryan

wilson’s secretary of state; tried to show us respected other nation’s rights; cross of gold

jones act (1916)

full territorial status to phillippines, bill of rights and universal male suffrage for phil., ind. when stable gov. is made

john j. pershing

general; pursued villa into north mexico; failed to capture it; carranza

expeditionary force

carrnza- dem. regime in mexico; villa is against it

frederick w. taylor

scientific management system/taylorism; organizing people efficiently

standard oil company

practices attacked by henry demarest lloyd; lloyd’s wealth against commonwealth

lincoln steffens

magazine; tweed days in st. louis, 1902; muckraking

ida tarbell

the history of the s.o.c.; muckraking

jacob riis

how the other half lives (articles on tenement life) the shame of the cities (corrupt deals that characterized big-city politics)

robert la follette

progressive wisconsim governor who proposed direct primary; overthrew boss rules

17th amendment

all us senators have to be elected by popular vote

initiative, referendum, and recall

what voters will do if senators don’t obey the will of the people

wisconsim idea

university research should directly shape government policy; use academics for progressive measures that included direct primary law, tax reform, and state regulatory commissions

florence kelly and national consumers league

passed state laws to protect women from long working hours

lochner v. new york (1905)

supreme court ruled against state law limiting workers to 10-hour days

muller v. oregon (1908)

high court ruled that health of women needed protection from long hours

square deal

favor neither labor nor business; roosevelt

trust-busting

roosevelt broke northern securities company (railroads) trust; standard oil too

elkins act (1903)

icc had greater power to stop railroads from granting rebates to favored customers

the jungle (1906)

muckraking book; described conditions in chicago stockyards and meatpacking industry; led to food and meat acts put in place

upton sinclair

wrote the jungle

16th amendment

us government can collect income tax

eugene v. debs

socialist party; candidate for 5 elections; led aru

(progressive) bull moose party

progressive republicans; nominated roosevelt; roosevelt created it after he lost election as republican; new nationalism

new nationalism

roosevelt; interested in human welfare; more gov. regulation of businesses; social welfare programs, women’s suffrage

new freedom

wilson; limit big businesses and govs., end corruption, support small businesses

underwood tariff (1913)

lowered tariffs and graduated income tax from 1-6 percent

federal reserve act (1914)

established federal reserve system (central banking system of the us); provided stability and flexibility to us financial system by regulating interest rates and bank’s capital resources

clayton antitrust act (1914)

bettered sherman antitrust act; exempting unions from being prosecuted as trusts

federal trade commission

investigate and take action against unfair trade practice except banking and transportation

w.e.b. dubois

naacp; the souls of black folk; equal rights; social and political rights needed for economic independence

carrie chapman catt

new nawsa president; suffrage; state to congress

alice paul

national woman’s party; hunger strikes, parades, etc; women’s suffrage; to congress immediately

19th amendment

women’s suffrage

league of women voters

carrie chapman catt; keep voters informed; civic organization

margaret sanger

birth control education; developed into planned parenthood