ch 4

what are possessive aricles

they are used to indicate whom something belongs to.

They agree in grammatical gender and number with the noun that follows them

This means that they agree with what is owned, not with the biological gender and number fo the owners

chart

mon ma mes

ton ta tes

son sa ses

notre notre nos

votre votre vos

leur leur leurs

What is liaison

it occurs as a sound between the singular possessive artcles and nouns beginning with a vowel or h

mon ordinatueru, ton appartement

it also occurs as a z sound betweeen all pllural possessive articelsl and a noun beginning with a vowel or h

nos oncles, leurs ami(e)s

does liason occur when a feminine singular

oun begins with a vowe or h, the masculine possessive articles are used in place of the usual feminine forms ma ta and sa, this is for ease

when is the masc used even if the noun descries a fem

it is used before an adjective that begins with a vowel, ma directrice bbut mon autre directrice

What are the feminine possessive adjectives in French?

Ma = my, Ta = your, Sa = his/her

When do you change ma, ta, and sa?

When the next word begins with a vowel or silent h.

What do ma, ta, and sa change to?

Ma → mon, Ta → ton, Sa → son.

What if an adjective comes before a feminine noun

Look at the adjective's first sound. If it begins with a vowel, use mon, ton, or son.

Example: Mon autre directrice (my other director).

Remember: The noun stays feminine! Only the possessive adjective changes to make pronunciation easier.

aller conjugation chart

what does aller mean and what is used with it when indicating location

it means to go, and is often used with preposition à, to indicate movement to or toward a location .

ils vont à des concenerts en été.

they go to concertes in the summer

how to use à with the definite article le and les

Tu vas…

au (à + le) restaurant?

à la salle de sport (gym)?

à l’opéra?

aux (à + les) fêtes organisées par l’université?

venir - to __

to come , an irrefular conjugation

how to use venir and de

you can use it with venir and revenir (to comeback) to express movement from a location

il vient de paris pour notre fête.

when using de, contractions occur with le and les (When the sentence refers to a noun that normally takes a definite article in that construction.)

Tu reviens…

du (du + le) parc?

de la banque?

de l’hôpital?

des (de + les) cours?

tu __ parc

non, je ___ parc

vas au

je reviens du

vous __ banque

Non, nous ___ banque!

allez à la

revenons de la

Elle __ hôtel?

Non, elle ___ hôtel.

va à

revient de l’hôtel

Ils ___ championnats?

Non, ils ___ championnats.

vont aux

reviennent des

what do you put in front of geographical locations, except for cities

a definite article

La France

Le Québec

Les Ètats-Unis

what preposition do you use before geographical location when using aller or venir

it depends on whether you are talking about a city, country, or continent. and whether that locatin is masc or fem, sing or plural. The simples case is citiies, which use the prepositions à (to express in or to) and de (d’) (to express from)

on va à paris.

On vient de paris

What do you use before countries when using aller or (re)venir

masc. use au and du (or aux and des) for plural countries use les

fem. use en and de (d’)

Qui va Berlin / Allemagne/ __ Europe?

à, en (masc) , en (fem))

Tu vas… Tokyo / Japon / _ Asie?

à, au (masc) , en (fem)

Vous allez… Los Angeles / États-Unis / _ Amérique du Nord?

à, aux, en (fem)

Qui vient… Dakar / Sénégal / _ Afrique?

de(fem), du(masc), d’ (fem)

Tu viens… Sydney / Australie?

de (fem), d’(fem)`

Vous venez… Bogotá / Colombie / _ Amérique du Sud?

de, (fem), de (fem), d’ (fem)

what is present-tense

it is a form of a vern in french used to say what you do in general. it is also used to express what youre doing at the moment of speaking

passe-recent

use present tense form of venir and use de(d’) + infinitive

je viens de faire mes devoirs - i just did my homework

Michel vient d’arriver. Micheal just arrived

What is the near future (both ways)

you can use he present tense verbs and add a ime, so like J’étudie à la bibliothèque demain. - Im studying at the library tomorrow.

le futur proche - aller + infinitive

Marie va faire des courses

Il vont passer un examen.

How to do negation with futur proche

ne … pas only surrounds the ocnjugated form of the verb aller, which is followed by an infitive. notice as well that aller can be used twice

Vous n’allez pas dîner avec nous? You aren’t going to eat with us?

Je ne vais pas aller en cours lundi. Im not going to go to class on Monday.

Je blank__ (faire) mes devoirs. Maintenant, je blank__ regarder) la télé.

viens de faire

vais regarder

Mon frère blank__ (manger) récemment alors il blank__ (ne... pas dîner) avec

nous.

vient de manger

ne vas pas dîner

Mes cousines blank__ (ne... pas faire) du yoga parce qu’elles blank__ (jouer)

au baske

ne vont pas faire

viennent de jouer

Nous blank__ (manger) au restaurant et maintenant nous blank____ (aller) au

cinéma.

venons de manger

nous allons aller