Valency Table and Chemical Radicals

Vocabulary flashcards covering atomic valencies, metals, non-metals, and compound radicals from the chemistry valency reference sheet.

Combining powers (valencies)

Properties of atoms related to the number of electrons in their outer electron shell, which determine the number of other atoms with which they will form a chemical bond.

Ion

A charged particle ($+$ or $-$).

Radicals (compound ions)

Groups of atoms carrying a charge that can exist only as ions and not independently.

Periodic Table position (in relation to valency)

The reference from which you can deduce the valency of a main group element.

Valency 1 Metals

Hydrogen ($H$), Lithium ($Li$), Sodium ($Na$), Potassium ($K$), Silver ($Ag$), Mercury (I) ($Hg$), and Copper (I) ($Cu$).

Valency 1 Non-Metals

Chlorine ($Cl$), Bromine ($Br$), and Iodine ($I$).

Valency 2 Metals

Magnesium ($Mg$), Calcium ($Ca$), Barium ($Ba$), Zinc ($Zn$), Lead (II) ($Pb$), Iron (II) ($Fe$), Copper (II) ($Cu$), and Mercury (II) ($Hg$).

Valency 2 Non-Metals

Oxygen ($O$).

Valency 3 Metals

Aluminium ($Al$) and Iron (III) ($Fe$).

Valency 3 Non-Metals

Nitrogen ($N$) and Phosphorus ($P$).

Valency 4 Elements

Lead (IV) ($Pb$) as a metal; Carbon ($C$) and Silicon ($Si$) as non-metals.

Ammonium

A compound ion with the formula $NH_4^+$ and a valency of $1$.

Hydroxide

A compound ion with the formula $OH^-$ and a valency of $1$.

Nitrate

A compound ion with the formula $NO_3^-$ and a valency of $1$.

Hydrogencarbonate

A compound ion with the formula $HCO_3^-$ and a valency of $1$.

Hydrogensulphate

A compound ion with the formula $HSO_4^-$ and a valency of $1$.

Sulphate

A compound ion with the formula $SO_4^{2-}$ and a valency of $2$.

Carbonate

A compound ion with the formula $CO_3^{2-}$ and a valency of $2$.

Phosphate

A compound ion with the formula $PO_4^{3-}$ and a valency of $3$.