Chatper 3 test: the enlightenment and the American Revolution

How did the protestant reformation, promote challenging authority

by questioning leaders and church

How did the Renaissance promote curiosity?

By questioning traditions

What was the enlightenment?

18th Century philosophical movement

Which philosopher argued for an absolute monarchy to maintain laws and avoid chaos because people were naturally evil, and could not be trusted

Tomas Hobbes

Which philosopher argued that the monarchs were not at the same level as God, but instead, they were actually empowered by the people and we’re obligated to protect the people’s natural rights of life, liberty, and property

John Locke

Which philosopher argued that people were naturally good, but corrupted by the evils of society and in order to protect liberty and equality, everyone would need to promote the common good and the well-being of the community above themselves

Jean Jacques Roseau

Which philosopher argued that women should have equal rights as men specifically in the area of deserving and needing an education, and then having a role in the government, and in that society in which women were educated would be better off for it

Mary W.

which philosopher argued that the power of the government should be distributed to separate branches in order to ensure fairness equality and balance

Montesquieu

Which Philosopher argued for basic civil rights, right As having a fair trial, freedom of religion and an elimination of the system that divided the rich upper class from the commoners

Voltaire

Which factors led to the North American colonies rebelling against Britain

Taxation and laws

How were colonists able to defeat Britain in the American Revolution

Home advantage

Which constitutional principle teaches a form of government That has utilized chosen representatives, creating a balance between a republic and a democracy

Representative Democracy

Which constitutional principle teaches, everyone has to obey a transcending law, including the ruler/leaders

Rule of Law

Which constitutional principle teaches the privilege to be ruled over is something that the people must empower to their leader

Popular sovereignty

Which Constitutional principle teaches that power should be split between branches of government to keep one another account accountable and limit their power

Checks and Balances

This document was one of the most important written statements of law limiting to the power of a ruler. It said that both government and the governor must obey the law.

Magma Carta

Citizens Give up some of the freedom they would normally have in a state of nature to obey a government that in exchange promises to protect the rights of the citizen

Social Contract

Enlightenment philosophers like John Locke believed that people were born with basic rights like life, liberty, and property that the government could never take away

Natural Rights

Document by the British parliament to their king, strengthen the idea that English subjects had certain rights that the government could not violate

Petition of Rights

Enlightenment philosophers believed that citizens should agree to being governed and that if a citizens felt necessary, they could withdraw their agreement

consent of the governed

This document further limited the power of the king because under this document the king could no longer tax without permission from Parliament required excessive bail or administered cruel punishment interfere with the Wright of free speech in Parliament

English Bill of Rights

A period of time in which people develop new ideas about their basic rights and the role of

government in their lives

Enlightenment Era

People often met together in groups during the enlightenment to discuss government philosophy and ways to improve peoples lives

Salons

Taxes were placed on all press and printed items when Kollyn is purchased newspaper stamps other parchment and any other paper products they had to pay taxes

Stamp act

In 1764 Parliament passed an act where colonist were forced to accommodate British troops. The colonist had to provide them with food, drinks and candles.

Quartering Act

British soldiers were sent to Boston to control. The colonist shots were fired, but it was unsure which side shot first it led the five colonies being killed by the British soldiers.

Boston Massacre

in response to the Tea act colonist dump 342 chest of England’s Tea into the Boston, Harbour and political protest

Boston Tea Party