04- Dehydration Synthesis VS. Hydrolysis

A fair amount on on-paper studying

Monomer

A single molecular sub-unit (glucose)

Polymer

A large chain of bonded monomers (glycogen)

Dehydration Synthesis

Combines smaller monomers, removing one water molecule and forming a new covalent bond. (anabolic)

Anabolic reaction

Builds complex molecules and consumes energy

Hydrolysis

Splits larger polymers apart, adding one water, splitting an existing bond. (catabolic)

Catabolic reaction

Breaks down complex molecules and releases energy

Monosaccharides

The simplest form of carbohydrates, often called simple sugars.

Glycosidic linkage

Bonding monosaccharides via dehydration synthesis to form disaccharides and polysaccharides

Peptide bonds

Carboxyl reacts with amino acid, removing -OH and -H forming (C-N)

Polypeptides

Amide bonds that link consecutive amino acids together in a continuous, unbranched chain

Triglyceride

Glycerol bonds with three fatty acids via ester linkages, hydration synthesis reaction