Lecture 4 - Person Centred Approach

functional approaches to person-centred care do not…

change brain function or alleviate impairments

person-centred care is designed to

1. foster behaviours that maximize independence

2. increase participation and engagement through functional approaches

what are the 3 principles of PCC

1. to maximize independent functioning for as long as possible

2. to maintain quality of life through supported participation and engagement in desired activities

3. to achieve these goals through procedures that are personally relevant to the client and trained within functional contexts (contexts similar to ones that they usually/used to do)

activities in PCC reflect

what people actually do/used to do in their daily lives

what is Montessori for dementia

an innovative approach/philosophy to dementia care that has been adapted from Montessori’s philosophy of teaching young children

what are the goals of Montessori for dementia

1. to support people living with dementia through an environment filled with cues and memory supports that enable self-care

2. to develop communities that treat individuals with respect and dignity and honour their choices so they may live as independently as possible

what kinds of processing/cues were proven to be successful for adults with dementia

tactile and visual processing/learning

Montessori-style activities should stimulate

the five senses

what are examples of basic suitable Montessori-style activities

• tasting foreign fruit

• listening to music of their choice

• dancing

• interacting with different textures

• simple puzzles

• recognizing famous people

what are more complex suitable Montessori-style activities

• identifying objects: vegetables, utensils, etc.

• rolling dough or pastry

• peeling vegetables

• beating eggs

• making sandwiches

• workshop activities

Montessori-style activities should be … and should provide some level of …

should be pleasing to the eye (want people to engage with the materials - using different colours, textures)

provide some level of success/feeling of success

sorting objects are often most appropriate for

late dementia stages when they don’t use as much verbal communication

what is the breakfast club

3-6 members meet once per week for 45-60 mins to prepare, serve, eat and clean up after breakfast

members have similar level of language abilities, sit for the duration and are able to perform activities

there is a goal-planning sheet for each member

steps of the breakfast club (simplified)

1. facilitator welcomes members, take turns choosing name tags

2. members discuss items they will eat/drink using variety of language elicitation techniques

3. they discuss what to eat for breakfast and then they make it (problem solve, sequence actions)

4. pass around cutlery and dishes, eat food

5. once done, table is cleared and 10-minute conversation follows

6. meeting ends, members help clean up and say bye

breakfast club participants improve on which measures

language performance, functional independence, and use of social communication

what are components that provide effective and successful communication in treatment in the breakfast club

• home-like environment

• providing food

• positive reinforcement

• engaging in everyday social rituals

considerations to take into account for the breakfast club

• multiculturalism

• swallowing abilities

• sufficient number of staff/volunteers to ensure safety

• different levels of comprehension/cognition

describe baycrest conversational groups

• groups no larger than 5-6 members (5 groups)

• supervised by one SLP

• run by trained volunteers

• weekly meetings for in- and out-patients

what kinds of information can be found on client cards?

• name, age, where they were born

• education, occupation

• personal info relating to family members

• hobbies, activities they enjoy

• communication (expression, comprehension, reading and writing)

what multisensory intervention approaches (group or individual) can be done

• dance therapy

• music therapy

• art therapy

• pet therapy

• toy therapy

music therapy has documented positive effects on

physiological and behavioural effects and cognitive effects (e.g. semantic fluency)

improved semantic fluency refers to

quickly producing words in a specified category (requires semantic knowledge, retrieval ability and executive function)

according to American Alzheimer’s Association, what is the benefit of pet therapy

contact with animals is a meaningful activity that provides comfort

animals can act as a shared referent for …

meaningful communication

animal assisted therapy (AAT) is designed to facilitate…

spontaneous communication