Personal and Community Health

A healthy lifestyle, on average, adds how many years of disability-free life?

5-6 years

Almost 80% of deaths from cardiovascular disease and cancer could be prevented adhering to a healthy lifestyle.

True

What is the leading cause of death for people between the ages of 1 and 44?

Accidents

The second leading cause of death for people aged 10–34 years is which of the following?

Suicide

Technology has led to an extreme decline in the physical activities of daily life, resulting in an increase of chronic diseases.

True

Which disease has climbed dramatically in the United States in parallel step with the incidence of obesity?

Diabetes

Regular physical activity has been proven to improve all of the following, except ____.

long-term memory

_____ is defined as a constant and deliberate effort to stay healthy and achieve the highest potential for well-being.

Wellness

Which term refers to the greatest public health threat of physical inactivity in the United States?

Sedentary Death Syndrome

In the context of fitness as preventive medicine, the main emphasis of a fitness program should be on what components?

All health-related components

Conducting periodic evaluations of SMART goals requires which of the following?

After legitimate effort put toward the goal, realize it may not be reachable.

Restructuring one’s physical surroundings to avoid problem behaviors and decrease temptations is called countering.

False

When people believe they have control over events in their lives, they have an external locus of control.

False

Only a well-conceived action plan will help you attain goals.

True

When creating a behavior change, this process can also be referred to as a dramatic release.

Emotional arousal

Charles says he is motivated to start a workout program since his grandmother lost her physical strength to get out of bed. Motivation is defined as ____.

the inner desire to accomplish a given task

Goals set by someone else, such as a coach or mentor, are more motivational than goals you set for yourself.

False

What is the process whereby a person substitutes a healthy behavior for a problem behavior?

Countering

Which of the following is not a part of five general categories of behaviors in the process of willful change?

Prevent new negative behaviors

Rhea tracks her daily food consumption and identifies the sources of excessive calories from fat in her diet. What type of behavior modification activity is she using?

Monitoring

Much of the blood glucose from food consumption goes to the muscles, where it is stored as ____.

glycogen

Too much flexibility leads to unstable and loose joints, which can increase the likelihood of injury.

True

What is the Finger Touch Test used to assess?

Shoulder flexibility

The fat found mostly beneath the skin and around major organs in the body is _____.

Storage Fat

The human body burns about how many calories for each liter of oxygen consumed?

5 calories

When assessing body composition, why should the same technique be used for pre- and post-test comparisons?

Each technique might yield slightly different values.

Which body composition assessment method is the simplest method to use but the most inaccurate?

Bioelectrical impedance

During aerobic exercise, the average person trains in this range of percentage of maximal oxygen uptake.

50 to 75%

Cardiorespiratory endurance is determined by ____.

VO_2max

Which BMI range corresponds to a low risk for disease and an acceptable percentage of body fat?

18.5 to 21.99

Which cooking method creates the highest levels of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) in foods?

Grilling

What are the Dietary Reference Intakes (DRI) used for?

They establish adequate amounts and maximum safe nutrient intakes in the diet.

Which fat constitutes more than 90% of the weight of fat in foods and more than 95% of the stored fat in a human?

Triglycerides

Research published in 2019 indicates that regular consumption of _____ is not just unhealthy, but is associated with a 14% higher risk of early death for each 10% increase in the proportion of this type of food consumed.

ultra-processed food

Which of the following is a characteristic of anorexia nervosa?

An intense fear of gaining weight

Increasing fiber intake by 30 grams per day leads to a significant reduction in heart attacks, cancer of the colon, breast cancer, diabetes, and diverticulitis.

True

Strict vegans need a supplement of which vitamin?

B12

The daily values for nutrients and food components are based on a 1,500-calorie diet.

False

Which of the following fish is the most likely to be high in mercury?

Swordfish

Which essential nutrient is the most concentrated source of energy?

Fats

To prevent weight gain how many minutes of daily activity should an individual engage in?

60 minutes

Which of the following has the greatest influence on people’s perception of what constitutes ideal body weight?

Media

The obesity level has been established at a BMI of ____ or higher.

30

The higher the intensity of exercise, the higher the percentage of fat utilization as an energy source.

False

The Institute of Medicine of the National Academy of Sciences recommends that people trying to manage their weight accumulate how many minutes of moderate-intensity physical activity most days of the week?

60

Which strategy is most likely to help if a person is trying to lose weight?

Eat at the table only.

The keto diet is a recommended diet for individuals with diabetes.

False

Why is strength training critical to a weight loss program?

It helps maintain lean body mass.

For a sedentary individual, resting metabolic rate accounts for what percentage of total daily energy requirements?

60–70%

Which of the following is an example of an LCHP diet?

Atkins diet

To enhance quality of sleep, which of the following should be practiced?

Go to bed and rise around the same time each day.

Which type of person is especially vulnerable to a heart attack?

A person who is impatient and readily annoyed when he or she has to wait for a table in a restaurant

Homeostasis is the state in which the body continually strives to maintain a constant internal environment.

True

People who do not manage their time properly can experience chronic stress, fatigue, despair, discouragement, and illness.

True

Which of the following ideas does mindfulness meditation emphasize?

To live in the present, you must understand that the most significant thing you have control over is your attitude.

Which of the following is not a stress factor scored on the stress test measuring amount of stress in points?

Major loss at a sports event

Based on various national surveys, what did more than 50% of respondants report about time management?

Time passes too fast and not enough things get done.

The best coping strategy for stress depends mostly on ____.

what works for the individual

Mindfulness has been shown to improve intellectual and academic performance among college students.

True

An overload of technology can help relieve stress and always overcomes feelings of anxiety and irritability.

False

Genetics plays a role in susceptibility in about 10% of all cancers.

True

In general, a higher exercise volume correlates to higher levels of which cholesterol?

HDLs

Use of which of the following may lead to a sudden heart attack?

MDMA

The acronym FAST is commonly used to help recognize and enhance responsiveness for a stroke victim. Which of the following is the A?

Arm weakness

Which compounds found in fruits and vegetables prevent or slow cancer growth?

Phytonutrients

Users of methamphetamines experience which of the following symptoms?

Increased breathing rate

Which vitamin disrupts abnormal cell growth?

Vitamin D

According to estimates by the American Cancer Society, what percentage of all cancer in the United States is related to nutrition and lack of physical activity?

33%

DNA and RNA are mostly found in the ____ of each cell.

nucleus

How often should men conduct a testicular self-examination to detect possible testicular cancer?

Once a month