Maternal–Newborn Foundations- exam 1

Family-Centered Maternal-Newborn Nursing

Pregnancy and birth affect the whole family.

Evidence-Based Maternal-Newborn Nursing

Use evidence + clinical judgment + patient preferences.

Safety-Focused Maternal-Newborn Nursing

Protect maternal and newborn outcomes.

Patient-Centered Maternal-Newborn Nursing

Support autonomy, informed decisions, and individual goals.

Maternal-Newborn Nursing Process

Assess → Educate → Advocate → Coordinate.

Expected / Preventable

What is the patient asking for? What health behavior or screening is appropriate? What risks are modifiable?

Concerning / Missing

What cue changes the risk? What information is missing? What needs focused assessment or escalation?

Nursing Action

What is the safest next step? What education is individualized? How will we evaluate understanding/follow-up?

CJMM

Recognize → Analyze → Prioritize → Generate → Take Action → Evaluate.

Reproductive Life Planning: Ask

Ask whether the patient is considering pregnancy now, later, or not at this time; what matters most about preparing for a healthy pregnancy or maintaining reproductive health; and who they would like involved in decisions.

Reproductive Life Planning: Assess

Assess pregnancy history and reproductive goals, health conditions and medications, infection-risk and screening needs, and access, cost, transportation, and health literacy.

Reproductive Life Planning: Support

Provide balanced options, respect acceptance/declination, use teach-back, and connect needed services/resources.

Preventive Health: Age + Anatomy

Determine which screening is due and use the current guideline/course protocol.

Preventive Health: Family History

Determine whether risk changes the plan; clarify history and refer as indicated.

Preventive Health: Pregnancy Possibility

Determine whether pregnancy changes testing/medications; assess pregnancy status when relevant.

Preventive Health: Abnormal Prior Screen

Determine what follow-up is due; close the loop and do not assume "normal now."

Preventive Health NCLEX Move

The correct screen depends on the patient in front of you—not a memorized list detached from context.

Family

Support system, family dynamics, and caregiving responsibilities.

Culture

Beliefs & practices, language/communication, and pregnancy & birth preferences.

Environment

Transportation & finances, housing/community, and access & health literacy.

Family, Culture & Environment Approach

Ask → Don't Assume → Individualize.

Family/Culture Assessment: Labor

Chosen support people, privacy & modesty, and preferred positions.

Family/Culture Assessment: Birth

Pain expression, cord/placenta rituals, and newborn ceremonies.

Family/Culture Assessment: Postpartum

Rest & food beliefs, feeding traditions, and family caregiving roles.

Family, Culture & Birth Practices Approach

Recognize → Ask → Check Safety → Individualize.

Genetics & Genomics: Screen

Screening identifies risk.

Genetics & Genomics: Evaluate

Abnormal findings may need follow-up.

Genetics & Genomics: Diagnose

Screening ≠ diagnosis.

Genetics & Genomics: Support

Educate and support the family.

Nursing Role in Genetics & Genomics

Recognize unexpected findings; understand screening vs. diagnostic testing; avoid assumptions and blame; support the newborn and family; facilitate referrals/resources. Family-centered communication matters as much as knowing the test.

Maternal Serum AFP (Screen)

Maternal blood test commonly done at 15-20 weeks; estimates risk for open defects; abnormal result ≠ diagnosis; follow-up may include ultrasound.

Amniocentesis (Diagnostic)

Amniotic fluid sample commonly done at 15-18 weeks; tests fetal cells/proteins; diagnoses selected conditions; requires informed decision-making.

Cues for Genetic Counseling/Referral

Known or suspected genetic condition, family history of genetic disease, previous affected pregnancy or child, abnormal prenatal screening, or known carrier status.

Nursing Role in Genetic Counseling/Referral

Assess family/pregnancy history and understanding; explain purpose and limits of testing; support informed, nondirective decision-making; facilitate genetics referral/resources; provide family-centered support.

Genetic Counseling: Family Decision-Making

The nurse educates and supports — the family makes informed reproductive decisions.

Recognize

Clinical cues, patient concerns, family/social needs, and barriers.

Assess

Ask questions, gather data, and don't assume.

Act

Protect safety, use evidence, and individualize care.

Advocate

Listen, support autonomy, and escalate concerns.

Connect

Family/supports, healthcare team, and community resources.

Framework for Safe Care

Safe care is patient-centered, family-aware, culturally responsive, and evidence-based.

Reproductive Health

Assess reproductive and health-promotion goals; prevent unintended harm; promote preventive care; support informed decisions.

Family / Culture / Environment

Ask, don't assume; protect privacy; recognize access barriers; individualize care; connect resources.

CJMM / NCLEX

Recognize cues → Analyze what changes risk → Prioritize safety → Individualize → Act + Evaluate; use teach-back/follow-up.