Cell Cycle & Mitosis Quizlet

Interphase

The stage where the cell grows, copies its DNA, and prepares for division; includes G1, S, and G2 phases.

G1 Phase

The first part of interphase; the cell grows and carries out normal functions.

S Phase

The part of interphase where DNA is copied (replicated).

G2 Phase

The final part of interphase; the cell continues to grow and makes proteins needed for mitosis.

Mitosis

The process where the nucleus divides to form two identical nuclei.

Prophase

Chromosomes become visible, the nuclear membrane breaks down, and spindle fibers form.

Metaphase

Chromosomes line up across the center (middle) of the cell.

Anaphase

Sister chromatids are pulled apart to opposite sides of the cell.

Telophase

Two new nuclei form around the chromosomes at each end of the cell; chromosomes begin to uncoil.

Cytokinesis

The cytoplasm divides, creating two separate daughter cells.

Chromosome

A structure made of DNA that carries genetic information.

Chromatid

One half of a duplicated chromosome.

Centromere

The area where two sister chromatids are attached.

Spindle Fibers

Thread-like structures that help separate chromosomes during mitosis.

Daughter Cells

The two identical cells formed after mitosis and cytokinesis.