ALL ABOUT DNA STRUCTURES life science 11

DNA consists of

Long strands of nucleotides

DNA is a

Polymer of many nucleotide monomers

Each nucleotide consist of three parts

1: a Penrose sugar (Ribose)

2: phosphate group

3: nitrogenous base (A,TC or G) polymer

Many | Units

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Identify four compounds that make up DNA

These four bases were called adenine, Thymine, Cytosine and Guanine

The central dogma of biology

1:Transcription 2:translation

⬇ ⬇

DNA —> RNA —> Protein

^ ^

Nucleus Ribosome

Nucleotide structure / pentose structure

Five prime 5^1

Three prime3^1

Twisted ladder shape

Double helix

DNA has a _____ backbone.

phosphate and sugar “backbone”

The two strands run in opposite directions

ANTIPARALLEL

The 5^1 carbon

Is the uppermost in the left-hand strand

The 3^1 carbon

Is uppermost in the right-hand strand

Hydrogen bonds

Each pair is held together by a weak electrical attractions known as hydrogen bonds .

Purines / pyrimidines

PURINES:

Adenine And Guanine • Double ring

PYRIMIDINES

Thymine and cytosine • Single rings

The structure of DNA Is Called

“Complementary” because if you know the sequence of one strand, you know the sequence of the other!!

How you set up 5^1 carbon and 3^1 carbon on DNA

DNA DIAGRAM

What is the basic shape of DNA?

Double helix

What is the function of DNA in the cells of living organisms?

The DNA is in the nucleus and stores, genetic information and material

What is the monomer of a DNA molecule?

Nucleotide

What are the four bases that determine the type of nucleotides?

Adenine, Thymine, Guanine, Cytosine

How do bases bond to parallel DNA chains?

A,T Has two week hydrogen bonds, and C,G Has three week hydrogen bonds.

What are the molecules that make up the “backbone” Of a DNA chain?

Phosphate and sugar “backbone”

Give the following sequence of a single strand of DNA. Please write out the Complementary strand beneath it

5^1 GATTCAGATCCTTAAGATCGATAGACT3^1

3^1 CTAAGTCTAGGAATTCTAGCTATCTGA5^1

Please, the things in the right order

What is DNA?

DNA is a double strand, Anti-parallel, alpha helix composed of complimentary nucleotides held together by hydrogen bonds.