Introduction to Genetics

Flashcards covering key vocabulary and concepts from the lecture on Mendel's work in genetics.

Gregor Mendel

An Austrian monk who is known as the father of genetics for his experiments with pea plants.

Allele

An alternative form of a gene that can produce different traits.

Dominant Allele

An allele that is always expressed if present.

Recessive Allele

An allele that is only expressed if two copies are present.

Homozygous

The condition of having two identical alleles for a gene.

Heterozygous

The condition of having two different alleles for a gene.

Genotype

The genetic makeup of an organism, describing the alleles it carries.

Phenotype

The physical traits or characteristics displayed by an organism.

Punnett Square

A genetic diagram used to predict the probability of an offspring's genotype and phenotype based on parental genotypes.

Probability of Smooth Pea Plants

50%, based on a Punnett Square cross of heterozygous and homozygous recessive plants.

Probability of Wrinkled Pea Plants

50%, based on a Punnett Square cross of heterozygous and homozygous recessive plants.