NRSG 245 - digestive drug indication, action, adverse reactions, and client education

Antiemetic indication

treat nausea caused by surgery, chemotherapy, and motion sickness for symptom relief

Antiemetic action

block neurotransmitter receptors to control nausea and vomiting reflexes in the brain and gastrointestinal tract

Antiemetic adverse reactions

drowsiness, fluid retention, orthostatic hypotension

Antiemetic client education

increase dietary fiber, monitor blood pressure

Antidiarrheal indication

relieve diarrhea symptoms

Antidiarrheal action

reduce intestinal motility helping prevent dehydration and electrolyte imbalance

Antidiarrheal adverse reactions

dehydration, electrolyte imbalance

Antidiarrheal client education

recognize severe abdominal pain or bloody stools, and seek immediate medical attention if these occur

laxatives indication

relieve constipation

laxatives adverse reactions

Abdominal cramping, diarrhea, electrolyte imbalances, rectal irritation, bloating

laxatives client education

Increase dietary fiber and increase fluid intake, Report adverse effects, Do not take them long term

bulk forming laxatives action

increase stool bulk by absorbing water, helping relieve constipation naturally

stimulant laxatives action

enhance intestinal movement

saline laxatives action

draw water into intestines to soften stool

stool softeners indication

relieve constipation

stool softeners action

reduce stool hardness

stool softeners client education

increase fiber, fluids, and avoid long-term laxative use

Antacid indication

GERD, ulcers, osteoporosis

Antacid action

Neutralizes stomach acid rapidly; calcium supplement

antacid adverse reactions

Constipation, rebound hyperacidity, hypercalcemia

antacid client education

Chew thoroughly, take with water

histmine blockers indication

GERD, peptic ulcers

histamine blockers action

Blocks histamine receptors which reduces gastric acid secretion

histamine blockers adverse reactions

Diarrhea, headache, mental confusion, gynecomastia

histamine blockers client education

Take as prescribed; monitor CNS effects in elderly

protein pump inhibitors indication

GERD, peptic ulcers, stress ulcer prophylaxis

protein pump inhibitors action

Inhibits protein pump which suppresses gastric acid production

protein pump inhibitors adverse reactions

Headache, nausea, increased infection risk

protein pump inhibitors client education

Short-term use, avoid trigger foods

mucosal protectants indications

Duodenal ulcers, aspirin-induced ulcers

mucosal protectants action

Forms protective barrier over ulcers

mucosal protectants adverse reactions

Nausea, dizziness, constipation

mucosal protectants client education

Take on empty stomach, avoid antacids within 30 min

Anorexiant Indications

suppress appetite, obesity, type 2 diabetes

Anorexiants action

stimulating the central nervous system and increasing norepinephrine availability

Anorexiant adverse reaction

cardiac issues, insomnia, restlessness

Anorexiant client education

emphasizing lifestyle changes for effectiveness

GLP 1 indications

manage type 2 diabetes, obesity

GLP 1 actions

increase insulin secretion, reduce glucagon, delay gastric emptying, and suppress appetite

GLP 1 adverse reactions

nausea, diarrhea, hypoglycemia

GLP 1 client education

injection and lifestyle adherence

Bupropion Naltrexone indications

adjunct for weight loss and maintenance

Bupropion naltrexone actions

targets brain centers to regulate appetite aiding weight loss efforts

Bupropion naltrexone adverse reactions

nausea, vomiting, dizziness

Bupropion naltrexone client education

drink fluids, lifestyle modifications