CompTIA Data+ Exam DA0-001 - Lesson 1 Flashcards

Flashcards covering basic concepts of data, relational vs. non-relational databases, tables, primary keys, normalization, and relationships.

Relational Database Management System (RDBMS)

Software that maintains relational databases.

Relational Databases

Use tables to store data that is captured.

Tables

Created with fields (field names); each row is a record, and each column has a data type.

SQL (Structured Query Language)

The language used to query and manage data in a relational database.

Non-Relational Databases (NoSQL)

Any alternative to a relational SQL database.

Non-Relational Databases Use

Used for web-based databases to handle large amounts of traffic and data; easier to scale for web applications.

Four Basic Categories of NoSQL Databases

Document-oriented databases, Key-value stores, Column-oriented databases, Graph stores.

Normalization

Structuring data for optimal storage and use within a program.

First Normal Form (1NF)

Eliminates redundant information in individual tables; each set of related data is stored in a dedicated table, with a primary key assigned.

Second Normal Form (2NF)

Related information applicable to multiple tables will have its own table and be associated through a foreign key.

Third Normal Form (3NF)

Eliminates fields that do not depend on a key; most designs do not go to the 3NF.

Primary Key

A key used to uniquely identify a record in a table.

Foreign Key

A primary key used in another table to refer to the record; establishes a relationship between tables.

One-to-One Relationship

A relationship where one record in a table is related to one record in another table.

One-to-Many Relationship

A relationship where one record in a table can be related to many records in another table.

Many-to-Many Relationship

A relationship where many records in one table can be related to many records in another table.

Referential Integrity

Ensures that the foreign key has a corresponding primary key in the related table.

Cascade Update

When a primary key is changed and cascade update is enforced, the primary key will change in all other related tables.

Cascade Delete

When a primary key record is deleted and cascade delete is enforced, all related records in other tables will be automatically deleted.