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105 Terms
Name 2 organs that belongs to human central nervous system.
Brain
Spinal cord
State the 2 parts of a human’s nervous system.
Central nervous system
Peripheral nervous system
What is a voluntary action?
Actions that are under conscious control.
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Voluntary = 自愿
Action = 行动
What is an involuntary action?
Actions that are not under conscious control.
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Involuntary = 非自愿
Action = 行动
State 5 sensory organs in human.
Eye
Nose
Mouth
Skin
Tongue
State the 5 senses of human.
Sense of sight
Sense of hearing
Sense of smell
Sense of taste
Sense of touch
What stimuli is detected by the eye?
Light
What stimuli is detected by the ear?
Sound
What stimuli is detected by the nose?
Chemicals in the air
What stimuli is detected by the tongue?
Chemicals in the food
What 5 stimuli are detected by the skin?
Pain
Touch
Heat
Cold
Pressure
Name the structure indicated in blue.
Pain receptor
Name the structure indicated in blue.
Pressure receptor
Name the structure indicated in blue.
Dermis
Name the structure indicated in blue.
Epidermis
Why do human feel pain easily compared to touch and pressure?
The pain receptor is nearest to the surface of skin.
Name the structure indicated in blue.
Earlobe
What is the function of the earlobe in the ear?
Collects sound waves and send them into ear canal.
Name the structure indicated in blue.
Ear canal
What is the function of the ear canal in the ear?
Direct sound waves from earlobe to eardrum.
Name the structure indicated in blue.
Eardrum
Name the structure indicated in blue.
Ossicles
Name the structure indicated in blue.
Oval window
Name the structure indicated in blue.
Cochlea
Name the structure indicated in blue.
Auditory nerve
Name the structure indicated in blue.
Semicircular canal
Name the structure indicated in blue.
Eustachian tube
What is the function of the eardrum in the ear?
Vibrates when sound wave reaches it, and transfers the vibration to the ossicles.
What is the function of the ossicles in the ear?
Amplify vibrations, and transfers the vibration to the oval window.
What is the function of the oval window in the ear?
Transfers vibrations from ossicles to the cochlea.
What is the function of the cochlea in the ear?
Convert vibrations into nerve impulses. ⚡⚡
What is the function of the auditory nerve in the ear?
Sends nerve impulses from cochlea to the brain.
What is the function of the semicircular canal in the ear?
Help to balance the body.
What is the function of the Eustachian tube in the ear?
Help to balance the air pressure on both sides of the eardrum.
🛫🛫🛫
Name the structure indicated in red.
Ciliary muscle
Name the structure indicated in red.
Eye lens
Name the structure indicated in red.
Sclera
Name the structure indicated in red.
Choroid
Name the structure indicated in red.
Retina
Name the structure indicated in red.
Yellow spot
Name the structure indicated in red.
Optic nerves
Name the structure indicated in red.
Blind spot
Name the structure indicated in red.
Vitreous humour
Name the structure indicated in red.
Conjunctiva
Name the structure indicated in red.
Aqueous humour
Name the structure indicated in red.
Pupil
Name the structure indicated in red.
Iris
Name the structure indicated in red.
Cornea
Name the structure indicated in red.
Suspensory ligament
What is the function of suspensory ligament of the eye?
Holds the eye lens in its position.
What is the function of ciliary muscle of the eye?
Changes the thickness of the eye lens.
What is the function of retina of the eye?
Converts light into nerve impulses. ⚡⚡
What is the function of pupil of the eye?
Controls the amount of light entering into the eye.
What is the function of iris of the eye?
Control the size of the pupil.
What is the function of cornea of the eye?
Focus light onto the retina.
What is the function of aqueous humour of the eye?
Focus light onto the retina.
What is the function of vitreous humour of the eye?
Focus light onto the retina.
What is the function of conjunctiva of the eye?
Protects the sclera.
What is the function of optic nerve of the eye?
Sends nerve impulses from the retina to the brain.
State the 2 types of photoreceptors in the eye.
Rod cell
Cone cell
Which photoreceptor in the eye can detect colour?
Cone cell
(remember Cone = Colour)
Which photoreceptor in the eye can see things even when the light is not strong? (for example, at night)
Rod cell
Describe how our nose detects smell.
Chemicals in the air dissolve in the mucus of our nose.
The chemicals stimulate smell receptors at top of the nose.
The receptor produces impulse.
The impulse is sent to the brain.
The brain interprets the impulse as smell.
What are the 5 basic taste that our tongue detects?
Sweet
Sour
Salty
Bitter
Umami
Describe how our tongue detect taste.
Chemicals in the food dissolve in the saliva (口水) of our mouth.
The chemicals stimulate taste receptors on the papilla of the tongue.
The receptor produces impulse.
The impulse is sent to the brain.
The brain interprets the impulse as taste.
Describe how our ear detect sound.
Sound reaches the earlobe, ear canal and hits the eardrum.
Eardrum converts sound into vibration.
The vibration stimulate receptors in the cochlea.
The receptor produces impulse.
The impulse is sent to the auditory nerve and to the brain.
The brain interprets the impulse as sound.
Describe how our eye detect light.
Light from an object reaches the retina.
The light stimulate photoreceptors on the retina.
The receptor produces impulse.
The impulse is sent to the optic nerve and to the brain.
The brain interprets the impulse as the object we see.