ORL open Qs

209. Which among the following is not true about otosclerosis?

Eustachian tube is always abnormal (FALSE in otosclerosis).

210. In age related hearing loss, or perbycusis, you would not expect:

Unilateral hearing loss

211. Conductive deafness is caused by all except:

Viral infections such as mumps cause sensorineural, not conductive hearing loss.

212. Presbycusis is:

Age-associated hearing loss.

213. The presenting symptoms in majority cases of acoustic neuroma is:

Hearing loss.

214. Weber test is done by:

Placing a vibrating tuning fork at the midline (e.g. forehead) and asking which ear hears louder.

215. When performing otoscopy and edema of the external meatus, detritus and excudate is found, probable diagnosis is:

External otitis.

216. Congenital cholesteatoma arises:

During embryonic development in the middle ear (epithelial rests).

217. Treatment of acute tubotympanic catarrhus with transudate:

Myringotomy may be needed in selected cases of persistent symptomatic middle-ear effusion; observation initially.

218. Neonatal screening is done using:

Otoacoustic emissions (OAE), or automated auditory brainstem response (AABR).

219. A genuine cholesteatoma results from:

Congenital (genuine) cholesteatoma originates from embryonic epithelial remnants.

220. The most frequent reason for chronic tubotympanal inflammation in children is:

Hypertryophy of the pharyngeal tonsil (adenoids).

221. Which of the following is not part of external ear?

Helicotrema.

222. Modified radical middle ear surgery:

Posterior wall of the external auditory canal is removed.

223. Active electrodes of cochlear implant are implanted to:

Scala tympani.

224. Hearing loss in Meniere's disease is usually:

Sensorineural, fluctuating, with loudness recruitment (especially low frequencies initially).

225. Cartilaginous tip of the nose is called:

Apex nasi.

226. Nasal cavity consists of:

Vestibulum nasi and cavum nasi proprium.

227. Nasal mucosa is divided into:

Regio respiratoria and regio olfactoria.

228. Ductus nasofrontalis in 40% opens into:

Anterior ethmoidal cells (anatomical variations occur).

229. Lingua:

Corpus and radix (base), with apex at the tip.

230. Pharyngeal lymphatic drainage:

Deep cervical (jugular) lymph nodes.

231. Most superior part of pharynx is:

Epipharynx

232. Bursa pharyngea is persistent tissue of embryonal origin in:

Epipharynx

233. Sensitive perception in larynx is supplied by:

Ramus internus n. laryngei superioris

234. A.carotis interna:

It has no branches in the neck.

235. N.Laryngeus recurrens is branch of:

N. vagus

236. Most frequent cause of unilateral facial palsy is:

Bells palsy

237. Most frequent cause of acute laryngitis is:

Viral infection (e.g. rhinovirus, influenza, parainfluenza).

238. Sudden onset of sore throat, dysphagia, stridor, dyspnea and temperature in children is typical for:

Epiglotitis

239. Vocal cords are normally:

White, shiny, smooth and symmetrically mobile.

240. Acute tonsillitis is most frequently:

Most often viral in origin.

241. Painful swallowing, malaise, red tonsils, sloughs, rhinolalia, fever, abdominal pain, lymphadenopathy is typical for:

Infectious mononucleosis

242. If during ototscopy pulsatile bluish mass behind the ear drum is identified, there is a suspicion for:

Middle-ear paraganglioma (glomus tympanicum or jugulare).

243. For chronic otitis media is typical:

Conductive deafness

244. Universal neonatal screening of hearing is performed in:

All newborns

245. Which child is not suitable for cochlear implantation?

With aplastic cochlea

246. Most frequent complication of sinusitis is:

Orbitocellulitis

247. Most frequent cause of sleep apnoea syndrome in children is:

Tonsillar hypertrophy

248. Oesophageal foreign body is most frequently trapped in:

The first physiological narrowing: upper esophageal sphincter/cricopharyngeus.

249. If patient can just whisper when communicating, but laugh and cough sounds properly, the diagnosis is:

Psychogenic dysphonia (functional aphonia).

250. Development of nasal polyps is present in:

Cystic fibrosis

251. In the lateral nasal wall there are:

Three nasal turinates

252. Rhinitis atrophicans (ozaene) is diagnosed by anterior rhinoscopy finding:

Atrophic pink mucosa, atrophic conchae, crusting

253. Acute sinusitis is treated using:

Symptomatic treatment (analgesia, saline irrigation); antibiotics when bacterial infection is indicated.

254. Elongated styloid process is possible to palpate in the area of:

Palatinal tonsil

255. Laryngeal precancerosis/1st grade/ is:

Chronic hyperplastic laryngitis / epithelial dysplasia (requires histological grading).

256. Radiotherapy can be acceptable as primary treatment modality with good 80-90% survival rate and organ preservation in:

Early-stage glottic cancer, especially T1, with normal vocal-fold mobility.

257. Vocal cord mobility with the precursor of laryngeal carcinoma is:

Preserved vocal-fold mobility (unless invasive disease is present).

258. Acute parotitis is not characterized by:

Submandibular edema

259. Processus frontales maxillae are base for:

Nasal pyramid

260. Nasal cavity consists of (F_52):

Vestibulum nasi and cavum nasi proprium

261. Choanae connect nasal cavity and:

Nasopharynx

262. Sinus frontalis opens to:

Meatus nasi medius

263. Pharyngeal lymphatic drainage (F_55):

Deep cervical (jugular) lymph nodes.

264. Pharynx is superiorly attached to:

Skull base

265. Coniotomy is done in the area of:

Ligamentum cricothyroideum medianum

266. Vocal cords, epiglottis and parts of aryepiglotic folds are covered by:

Squamous epithelium

267. Retropharyngeal space is located:

Behind the pharynx (between buccopharyngeal and alar fascia), with inferior extension toward mediastinum.

268. A. carotis interna (F_60):

Has no branches in the neck

269. External auditory meatus in adult:

Has ceruminous glands

270. Bezoid trias is:

Light reflex, stria mallearis, prominentia mallearis

271. Promontrium is located at:

Medial wall of the tympanic cavity.

272. Musculus stapedius is supplied by:

Branch of n. facialis

273. Prevalence of sensorineural hearing loss in children is:

2/1000

274. Progressive hearing loss in children can be caused by congenital infection of:

CMV

275. Treatment of choice at bacterial tonsillitis is:

Phenoxymethylpenicillin (penicillin V) for confirmed group A streptococcal tonsillitis.

276. Painfull swallowing, malaise, red tonsillitis, sloughs, rhinolalia, fever, abdominal pain, lymphonodopathy is typical for:

Infection mononucleosis

277. Most precise method for diagnostics of adenoids is:

Epifaryngoscopy

278. Small not well developed pinna is called:

Mikrotia

279. Symptoms of external otitis are:

Pain, swelling of external meatus skin, conductive hearing loss

280. Which is not a complication of acute otitis media:

Orbitocellulitis

281. Acute mastoiditis is treated:

Intravenous antibiotics first; surgery if complicated or no adequate improvement.

282. Vertigo:

Can be peripheral or central

283. Typical conductive loss features on pure tone audiogram are:

Normal bone and abnormal air conduction

284. Neonatal screening of hearing in Slovakia is being performed in:

All newborns

285. What of following is the part of the impedance audiometry:

Stapedius reflex measurement

286. Dislocated nasal fracture:

Is being elevated and nose packed

287. Most frequent benign tumor in adolescent boys is:

Angiofibroma

288. Most frequent congenital nasal dephormity is:

Septal deviation

289. What is ozaena:

Chronic atrophic rhinitis

290. Most precise tool for diagnostics of chronic simusitis is:

CT

291. Tonsillitis with unilateraly necrotized surface is:

Angina Plaut-Vincent (ulceromembranous tonsillitis).

292. Most frequent cause of sleep apnoe syndrome in children is:

Adenotonsillar hypertrophy (especially enlarged tonsils and adenoids).

293. One of the early symptoms of laryngeal papilomatosis is:

Hoarsness

294. Peripheral nystagmus is accented:

Looking toward the fast phase, and when visual fixation is removed.