M3: ABDOMEN refresh

What type of respiration should be employed prior to exposure for the AP KUB abdomen projection?

Expiration

At what level should the CR be placed for a left lateral decubitus projection of the abdomen?

2 inches (5 cm) above iliac crest

The CR is centered at what level for the AP erect projection of the abdomen?

2 inches (5 cm) above iliac crest

What CR centering should be used for a dorsal decubitus projection of the abdomen if the diaphragm is to be included?

2 inches (5 cm) above iliac crest

Where must the CR be centered for an AP supine projection of the abdomen as part of the acute abdominal series?

Level of iliac crest

Motion of the patient's diaphragm can be stopped by providing proper breathing instructions.

True

The lateral abdomen projection will demonstrate the prevertebral space.

True

The x-ray beam is placed horizontal for the AP supine.

False

What is shown/demonstrated on an x-ray of the abdomen in the dorsal decubitus position?

Air fluid levels AND Open intervertebral foramina

What plane is PARALLEL to the LONG AXIS of the IR for an AP projection of the abdomen?

Midcoronal plane

The double-walled seromembranous sac that encloses the abdominal cavity is called the:

Peritoneum

Which plane is centered to the IR for an AP abdomen (KUB)?

Midsagittal plane

For an AP supine abdomen, the central ray (CR) is directed:

At the iliac crest

Which projections of the abdomen are used to demonstrate free intraperitoneal air?

AP upright; Lateral decubitus

When performing an upright abdomen, the IR is centered:

2 inches above the iliac crest

Which of the following is included in an acute abdominal series?

PA chest, AP supine abdomen, AP upright or lateral decubitus abdomen

What is the recommended SID for abdominal radiography?

40 inches (102 cm)

Which body habitus may require TWO crosswise images for an AP abdomen?

Hypersthenic

Which evaluation criterion indicates a properly positioned AP abdomen?

- Both lateral abdominal walls are visible - Alae of the ilia are symmetric - Spinous processes in the center of the lumbar vertebrae

Which abdominal muscle is most commonly demonstrated in an AP abdomen projection?

Psoas

An x-ray of the abdomen in the erect position should be exposed on:

Expiration

The innermost layer of the peritoneum is the ____ peritoneum.

Visceral

The stomach is located in the:

Left upper quadrant

Which does the technologist need to do to include the diaphragm for a repeat exposure of an AP erect abdomen in which the diaphragm was not included but the pubic symphysis was?

Center the cassette higher

Involuntary motion includes:

- Peristalsis - Heartbeat - Tremors