PMP Large

Practice

A specific type of professional or management activity that contributes to the ‘execution of a process and that may employe one or more techniques and tools.

Precedence Diagram Method (PDM)

A technique used for constructing a schedule model in which activities are represented by nodes and are graphically linked by one or more logical relationships to show the sequence in which the activities are to be performed

Precedence Relationship

The term used in the precedence diagramming method for a logical relationship. In current usage, however, blank, logical relationship, and dependency are widely Used interchangeably, regardless of the diagramming method used.

Precision

Within the quality management system, blank is a measure of exactness.

Predecessor Activity

An activity that logically comes before a dependent activity in a schedule.

Predictive Life Cycle

A form of project life cycle in which the project scope, and the time and cost required to deliver that scope, are determined as early in the life cycle as possible

Preventive Action

An intentional activity that ensures the future performance of the project work is aligned with the project management plan.

Prioritization Matrices

A quality management planning tool used to identify key issues and evaluate suitable alternatives to define a set of implementation priorities.

Probability and Impact Matrix

grid for mapping the probability of each risk occurrence and its impact on project objectives if that risk occurs.

Procedure

An established method of accomplishing a consistent performance or result, a procedure typically can be described as the sequence of steps that will be used to execute a process.

Process

A systematic series of activities directed towards causing an end result such that ‘one or more inputs will be acted upon to create one or more outputs.

Process Analysis

A blank follows the steps outlined in the process improvement plan to identify needed improvements.

Process Decision Program Charts (PDPC)

The blank is used to understand a goal in relation to the steps for getting to the goal.

Process Improvement Plan

A subsidiary plan of the project management plan. It details the steps for analyzing processes to identify activities that enhance their value.

Procurement Audits

The review of contacts and contracting processes for completeness, accuracy, and effectiveness.

Procurement Documents

The documents utilized in bid and proposal activities, which include the buyer's, Invitation for Bid, Invitation for Negotiations, Request for Information, Request for Quotation, Request for Proposal, and seller's response.

Procurement Management Plan.

A component of the project or program management plan that describes how a project team will acquire goods and services from outside the performing ‘organization.

Procurement Performance Reviews

A structured review of the seller's progress to deliver project scope and quality, within cost and on schedule, as compared to the contract.

Procurement Statement of Work

Describes the procurement item in sufficient detail to allow prospective sellers to determine if they are capable of providing the products, services, or results,

Product

An artifact that is produced, is quantifiable, and can be either an end item in itself ‘or a component item. Additional words for blank are material and goods. Contrast with result.

Product Analysis

For projects that have a product as a deliverable, itis a tool to define scope that generally means asking questions about a product and forming answers to describe the use, characteristics, and other the relevant aspects of what is going to be manufactured,

Product Life Cycle

The series of phase that represent the evolution of a product, from concept through delivery, growth, maturity, and to retirement,

Product Scope

The features and functions that characterize a product, service, or result.

Product Scope Description

The documented narrative description of the product scope.

Program

A group of related projects, subprograms, and program activities managed in a coordinated way to obtain benefits not available from managing them individually.

Program Evaluation and Review Technique (PERT)

A technique for estimating that applies is weighted average of optimistic, pessimistic, and most likely estimates when there is uncertainty with the individual activity estimates.

Program Management

The application of knowledge, skills, tools, and techniques to a program to meet the program requirements and to obtain benefits and control not available by managing projects individually,

Progressive Elaboration

The iterative process of increasing the level of detail in a project management plan as greater amounts of information and more accurate estimates become available.

Project

A temporary endeavor undertaken to create a unique product, service, or result.

Project-Based Organization (PBOs)

A variety of organizational forms that involve the creation of temporary systems for the performance of projects. Blanks conduct the majority of their activities as projects and/or provide project over functional approaches.

Project Calendar

A calendar that identifies working days and shifts that are available for scheduled activities,

Project Charter

A document issued by the project initiator or sponsor that formally authorizes the existence of a project and provides the project manager with the authority to apply organizational resources to project activities.

Project Cost Management

Blank includes the processes involved in planning, estimating, budgeting, financing, funding, managing, and controlling costs so that the project can be completed within the approved budget.

Project Funding Requirements

Forecast project costs to be paid that are derived from the cost baseline for total or periodic requirements, including projected expenditures plus anticipated liabilities.

Project Governance

The alignment of project objectives with the strategy of the larger organization by the project sponsor and project team. A project's governance is defined by and is required to fit within the larger context of the program or organization sponsoring it, but is separate from organizational governance.

Project Human Resource Management

Blank includes the processes that organize, manage, and lead a project team

Project Initiation

Launching a process that can result in the authorization of a new project.

Project Integration Management

Blank includes the processes and activities to identify, define, combine, unify, and coordinate the various processes and project management activities within the Project Management Process Groups.

Project Life Cycle

The series of phases that a project passes through from its initiation to its closure.

Project Management

The application of knowledge, skills, tools, and techniques to project activities to meet the project requirements.

Project Management Body of Knowledge

An inclusive term that describes the sum of knowledge within the profession of project management. As with other professions, such as law, medicine, and accounting, the body of knowledge rests with the practitioners and academics that apply and advance it. The complete blank includes proven traditional practices that are widely applied and innovative practices that are emerging in the profession. The body of knowledge includes both published and unpublished materials, This body of knowledge is constantly evolving, PMI’s blank guide identifies a subset of the blank that is generally recognized as good practice,

Project Management Information System

An information system consisting of the tools and techniques used to gather, integrate, and disseminate the outputs of project management processes. It is, used to support all aspects of the project from initiating through closing, and can include both manual and automated systems.

Project Management Knowledge Area

An identified area of project management defined by its knowledge requirements and described in terms of its component processes, practices inputs, outputs, tools, and techniques.

Project Management Office (PMO)

An organizational structure that standardizes the project-related governance processes and facilitates the sharing of resources, methodologies, tools, and techniques.

Project Management Plan

The document that describes how the project will be executed monitored, and controlled.

Project Management Process Group

A logical grouping of project management inputs, tools and techniques, and ‘outputs. The blanks include initiating processes, planning processes, executing processes, monitoring and controlling processes, and closing processes. Blanks are not project phases.

Project Management Staff

The members of the project team who perform management activities such as schedule, communications, risk management, etc.

Project Management System

The aggregation of the processes, tools, techniques, methodologies, resources, and procedures to manage a project.

Project Management Team

The members of the project team who are directly involved in project management activities. On some smaller projects, the blank may include virtually all of the project team members,

Project Manager (PM)

The person assigned by the performing organization to lead the team that is responsible for achieving the project objectives.

Project Organization Chart

document that graphically depicts the project team members and their interrel nships for a specific project.

Project Phase

A collection of logically related project activities that culminates in the ‘completion of one or more deliverables.

Project Procurement Management

Blank includes the processes to purchase or acquire products, services, or results needed from outside the project team,

Project Quality Management

Blank includes the processes and activities of the performing organization that determine quality policies, objectives, and responsibilities so that the project will satisfy the needs for which it was undertaken.

Project Risk Management

Blank includes the processes of conducting risk management planning, identification, analysis, response planning, and controlling risk on a project.

Project Schedule

An output of a schedule model that presents linked activities with planned dates, milestones, and resources.

Project Schedule Network Diagram

A graphical representation of the logical relationships among the project schedule activities.

Project Scope

The work performed to deliver a product, service, or result with the specified features and functions.

Project Scope Management

Blank includes the processes required to ensure that the project includes all the work required, and only the work required, to complete the project successfully.

Project Scope Statement

The description of the project scope, major deliverables, assumptions, and constraints,

Project Stakeholder Management

Blank includes the processes required to identify the people, groups, or ‘organizations that could impact or be impacted by the project, to analyze stakeholder expectations and their impact on the project, and to develop appropriate management strategies for effectively engaging stakeholders in project decisions and execution.

Project Team

A set of individuals who support the project manager in performing the work of the project to achieve its objectives.

Project Team Directory

A documented list of project team members, their project roles, and ‘communication information.

Project Time Management

Blank includes the processes required to manage the timely completion of the project.

Projectized Organization

Any organizational structure in which the project manager has full authority to assign priorities, apply resources, and direct the work of persons assigned to the project

Proposal Evaluation Techniques

The process of reviewing proposals provided by suppliers to support contract award decisions.

Prototypes

A method of obtaining early feedback on requirements by providing a working model of the expected product before actually building it,

Quality

The degree to which a set of inherent characteristics fulfills requirements.

Quality Audits

A blank is a structured, independent process to determine if project activities comply with organizational and project policies, processes, and procedures

Quality Checklists

A structured tool used to verify that a set of required steps has been performed

Quality Control Measurements,

The documented results of control quality activities.

Quality Function Deployment (QFD)

A facilitated workshop technique that helps to determine critical characteristics for new product development.

Quality Management and Control Tools

They are a type of quality planning tools used to link and sequence the activities identified.

Quality Management Plan

A component of the project or program management plan that describes how an ‘organization's quality policies will be implemented

Quality Management System

The organizational framework whose structure provides the policies, processes, procedures, and resources required to implement the quality management plan, The typical project quality management plan should be compatible to the ‘organization's system,

Quality Policy

A policy specific to the Project Quality Management Knowledge Area, it establishes the basic principles that should govern the organization's actions as it implements its system for quality management

Quality Requirement

A condition or capability that will be used to assess conformance by validating the acceptability of an attribute for the quality of a result.

Quantitative Risk Analysis and Modeling Techniques

Commonly used techniques for both event-oriented and project-oriented analysis approaches.

Questionnaires and Surveys

Written sets of questions designed to quickly accumulate information from a large number of respondents.

RACI

A common type of responsibility assignment matrix that uses responsible, accountable, consult, and inform statuses to define the involvement of stakeholders in project activities.

Records Management System

A specific set of processes, related control functions, and tools that are consolidated and combined to record and retain information about the project.

Regression Analysis

An analytic technique where a series of input variables are examined in relation to their corresponding output results in order to develop a mathematical or statistical relationship.

Regulation

Requirements imposed by a governmental body. These requirements can establish product, process, or service characteristics, including applicable administrative provisions that have government-mandated compliance.

Reporting Systems

Facllities, processes, and procedures used to generate or consolidate reports from one or more information management systems and facilitate report distribution to the project stakeholders,

Request for Information (RFI)

A type of procurement document whereby the buyer requests a potential seller to provide various pieces of information related to a product or service or seller capability,

Request for Proposal (RFP)

A type of procurement document used to request proposals from prospective sellers of products or services. In some application areas, it may have a narrower ‘or more specific meaning

Request for Quotation (RFQ)

A type of procurement document used to request price quotations from prospective sellers of common or standard products or services. Sometimes used in place of request for proposal and, in some application areas, it may have a narrower or more specific meaning

Requested Change

A formally documented change request that is submitted for approval to the integrated change control process.

Requirement

A condition or capability that is required to be present in a product, service, or result to satisfy a contract or other formally imposed specification.

Requirements Documentation

A description of how individual requirements meet the business need for the project

Requirements Management Plan

A component of the project or program management plan that describes how requirements will be analyzed, documented, and managed.

Requirements Traceability Matrix

A grid that links product requirements from their origin to the deliverables that satisfy them.

Reserve

A provision in the project management plan to mitigate cost and/or schedule risk. Often used with a modifier (eg, management reserve, contingency reserve) to provide further detail on what types of risk are meant to be mitigated.

Reserve Analysis

An analytical technique to determine the essential features and relationships of ‘components in the project management plan to establish a reserve for the schedule duration, budget, estimated cost, or funds for a project.

Residual Risk

A risk that remains after risk responses have been implemented.

Resource

Skilled human resources (specific disciplines either individually or in crews or teams), equipment, services, sup} , commodities, material, budgets, or funds.

Resource Breakdown Structure

A hierarchical representation of resources by category and type.

Resource Calendar

A calendar that identifies the working days and shifts on which each specific resource is available

Resource Histogram

A bar chart showing the amount of time that a resource is scheduled to work over a series of time periods, Resource availability may be depicted as a line for ‘comparison purposes. Contrasting bars may show actual amounts of resources used as the project progresses

Resource Leveling

A technique in which start and finish dates are adjusted based on resource constraints with the goal of balancing demand for resources with the available supply.