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Vocabulary flashcards reviewing core concepts in academic writing, bionotes, writing philosophy, pre-writing methods, and research abstracts.
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Bionote
An informative paragraph presenting an author's professional qualifications, achievements, and credibility, written in the third-person point of view.
Biodata
A document containing personal details such as full name, age, date and place of birth, height, weight, and personal background.
Curriculum Vitae (CV)
A comprehensive document outlining educational attainment, past employment history, technical skills, and attended seminars.
Inverted Pyramid Structure (Baliktad na Tatsulok)
A structural method used in writing a bionote where the most important information is presented first, followed by important details, and concluding with less important information.

Dick Scott
Author born in Palmerston North in 1923 who wrote The Parihaka Story (1954) and In Old Mt. Albert, and held a diploma in agriculture from Massey College.
Kiel Berry
Executive Vice President of Machine Shop, former employee at Creative Artists Agency and JPMorgan Investment Banking, and author of STUNT: Navigate The Journey.
Beth Hayden
Copywriter and content writer specializing in ghostblogging, email marketing campaigns, and sales pages, who wrote The Ultimate Guide to Creating a Warm Welcome Message.
Academic Writing (Sulating Akademik)
A form of writing characterized by depth and intellectual rigour intended for higher education or college level.
Brainstorming (Balitaktakan ng Ideya)
A pre-writing method of listing potential topics aligned with the writer's interests while evaluating their knowledge to choose one to expand.
Clustering
A pre-writing technique that visually links a central topic to related factors and sub-ideas in a diagrammatic layout.

Working Outline
A preliminary structural plan created by a writer to organize main points and sub-topics before drafting a paper.
Focused Freewriting
An exercise where a writer develops outline topics into continuous draft sentences and paragraphs, creating a rough draft containing an introduction, body, and conclusion.
Writing (Rogers, 2005)
The systematic use of graphic marks that represent specific linguistic utterances.
Writing (Daniels & Bright, 1996)
A system of permanent or semi-permanent marks representing linguistic utterances.
Writing (Goody, 1987)
The essential human practice recognized as the foundation of civilization.
Communication Process in Writing
A structural flow model showing how an author conveys a message of opinion or knowledge using letters and symbols to a reader.

Abstrak (Abstractum)
A concise summary of a research paper or article positioned prior to the introduction.
Descriptive Abstract (Deskriptibong Abstrak)
An abstract that describes the main ideas, background, purpose, and focus of a paper without including methodology, results, or conclusions.
Informative Abstract (Impormatibong Abstrak)
An abstract that presents a complete summary of the study—including background, purpose, methodology, results, and conclusion—typically accounting for 10% of the paper's length.
Informative vs. Descriptive Abstract
A comparison showing that informative abstracts present key study findings and methods for empirical studies, whereas descriptive abstracts offer general overviews without results for humanities and social sciences.

Quantitative vs. Qualitative Method
A methodological comparison where quantitative research focuses on measurable numerical data and statistical analysis, while qualitative research explores experiences, perspectives, and meanings through interviews and observations.
