Muscles - Olivet

frontalis

Action - Raises eyebrows

occipitalis

Action - draws scalp backward

orbicularis oculi

Action - closes eye

zygomaticus

Action - raises upper lip exposing upper teeth

buccinator

Action - muscles that compresses cheeks inward; whistling or kissing.

orbicularis oris

Action - closes lips

platysma

Action - Draws down the lower lip and angles of the mouth; tenses skin of the neck; helps depress mandible

masseter

Action - Elevates mandible

Origin - maxilla & zygomatic arch

Insertion - Angle (& ramus) of mandible

temporalis

Action - Elevates and retracts mandible

splenius capitus

Action - rotate and extend the neck

mentalis

Elevates and protrudes lower lip

nasalis

flares nostrils

sternocleidomastoid

Action - bow head, tilt head on an angle

Origin - manubrium & head of clavicle

Insertion - mastoid process of temporal bone

rectus abdominis

Action - flexes vertebral column

Origin - pubic symphysis (& pubic crest) of pelvis

Insertion - cartilage of ribs 5-7 & xiphoid process

external oblique

Action - Compresses abdomen; laterally flexes and rotates vertebral column

internal oblique

Action - Tenses the abdominal wall and compresses the abdominal contents

transverse abdominis

Action - compresses abdomen

diaphragm

Action - contraction increases size of thoracic cavity causing inhalation

external intercostals

Action - Pull ribs out and up to expand thoracic cavity for inspiration

internal intercostals

Action - Draw ribs together and to decrease thoracic cavity for expiration

trapezius

Action - Elevates, depresses, retracts, and rotates the scapula; rotates the arm

deltoid

Action - abduct, flex, extend and rotate the arm.

Origins - acromial end of clavicle, acromion of scapula, spine of scapula

Insertion - deltoid tuberosity of humerus

rhomboid major

Action - elevates and adducts scapula

serratus anterior

Action - pulls the scapula anteriorly and downward

teres major

Action - extends, adducts and medially rotates arm

latissimus dorsi

Action - extends, adducts, and medially rotates the arm; draws the shoulder downward and backward

pectoralis major

Action - adducts and medially rotates the arm; flexes and extends humerus

Origins - head of clavicle, sternum, costal cartilages of ribs 2-6.

Insertion - greater tubercle of humerus

pectoralis minor

Action - pulls the scapula forward and downward or raises the ribs

teres minor

Part of rotator cuff

Action - rotates humorus laterally

Origin - inferior lateral edge of scapula

Insertion - greater tubercle of humorus

supraspinatus

Part of rotator cuff

Action - abducts arm; stabilizes the head of the humerus in glenoid cavity

Origin - supraspinous fossa of scapula

Insertion - lesser tubercle of humorus

infraspinatus

Part of rotator cuff

Action - laterally rotates humorus; stabilizes the head of the humerus in glenoid cavity

Origin - infraspinous fossa of scapula

Insertion - greater tubercle of humorus

subscapularis

Part of rotator cuff

Action - medial rotation of humerus, stabilizes shoulder joint

biceps brachii

Action - flexes and supinates forearm

Origin of short head - coracoid process of scapula

Origin of long head - upper ridge of glenoid cavity

Insertion - radial tuberosity

coracobrachialis

Action - flexes and adducts the humerus

brachioradialis

Action - flexes the arm at the elbow

pronator teres

Action - pronates and flexes forearm

brachialis

Action - flexes forearm

flexor carpi radialis

flexes and abducts wrist

flexor carpi ulnaris

Flexes and adducts wrist

flexor digitorum

flexes fingers

Palmaris longis

flexion of wrist

extensor carpi radialis longus

Extends wrist and abducts hand

Extensor carpi ulnaris

extends and adducts wrist

extensor digitorum

extends fingers

triceps brachii

Action - extends forearm

psoas

flex the trunk and rotate the thigh

illiacus

hip flexion

gluteus medius

Action - abducts and medially rotates thigh

Origin - Illium

Insertion - greater trochanter of femur

gluteus maximus

Action - extends your thigh and raises your torso from a stooping positio

Origin - illium

Insertion - greater trochanter of femur

tensor fasciae latae

Action - flexes and abducts thigh

Origin - anterior superior iliac spine

Insertion - lateral condyle of tibia

sartorius

Action - flexes, abducts, and laterally rotates thigh at the hip; flexes knee

Origin - anterior superior illiac spine

Insertion - Tibia (body)

rectus femoris

Part of the quadriceps group

Action - extends leg at the knee

vastus medialis

Part of the quadriceps group

Action - extends leg at the knee; part of the quadriceps group

vastus lateralis

Part of the quadriceps group

Action - extends leg at the knee; part of the quadriceps group

vastus intermedius

Part of the quadriceps group

Action - extends leg at the knee; part of the quadriceps group (deep to rectus femoris)

adductor longus

Action - adducts, flexes, and rotates the thigh laterally

gracilis

Action - adducts thigh, flexes and medially rotates leg

adductor magnus

Action - adducts thigh

biceps femoris

Part of the hamstring group

Action - flexes leg at the knee and extends thigh at the hip

Origin of long head - ischial tuberosity

Origin of short head - linea aspera of femur

Insertion - head of fibula & lateral condyle of tibia

semitendinosus

Part of the hamstring group

Action - flexes leg at the knee and extends thigh at the hip; belongs to the hamstring group

semimembranosus

Part of the hamstring group

Action - flexes leg at the knee and extends thigh at the hip; belongs to the hamstring group

tibialis anterior

Action - dorsiflexes and inverts foot

extensor digitorum longus

Action - extends the lateral four toes; dorsiflexion of ankle and eversion of foot

fibularis longus

Action - plantarflexion and foot eversion

gastrocnemius

Action - plantarflexion

Origins - lateral & medial condyle of femur

Insertion - calcaneus via Achilles tendon

soleus

Action - plantarflexion