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A dynamic capabilities framework
Value perception
Value maintenance
Value creation
Strategic orientation
Compliance strategy
Influence strategy
Four political strategies
Reactive
Anticipatory
Defensive
Proactive
Reactive
Actions taken to align with political demands
Anticipatory
Actions taken to gain a first-mover advantage
Defensive
Actions taken to thwart unwanted political changes
Proactive
Actions taken to shape, control, and redefine public policies
Sustainable advantage
Defensive < Reactive < Anticipatory < Proactive
Slow moving environment
Reactive + defensive
Highly dynamic environment
Anticipatory + proactive