Physiology Flow Pathways and Structures

These flashcards cover the key concepts related to various flow pathways and structures in human physiology.

Peristalsis

A muscular contraction that pushes contents forward in the digestive system.

Segmentation

A mixing movement in the digestive system that helps to enhance absorption.

Thoracic duct

The major lymphatic vessel that collects lymph from the lower body and left side of the upper body; begins at the cisterna chyli.

Nephron

The functional unit of the kidney that filters blood and forms urine.

Spinal cord gray horns

Regions of the spinal cord that include the posterior (dorsal) horn, anterior (ventral) horn, and lateral horn.

White matter tracts

Bundles of axons in the spinal cord that carry information to and from the brain.

Sympathetic division

The part of the autonomic nervous system that prepares the body for fight or flight responses.

Parasympathetic division

The part of the autonomic nervous system that conserves energy and supports rest and digest functions.

Endocrine gland

A gland that releases hormones directly into the bloodstream.

Organ of Corti

Sensory receptors located in the cochlea that detect sound vibrations.