Electricity - Test 3

X-rays are produced when

high-speed electricity creates high-speed electrons that interact with
matter

The distribution and movement of electrons, along with their associated charges, make up

electricity

the study of electric charges, or electrons,
that are at rest

Electrostatics

describes the process of electron charges being added to or subtracted from an object

Electrification

Positive and negative refers to the relationship between objects,
not

their true atomic charges

In electrostatics a neutral reference point is the _______, which is
described as zero or ground potential

earth

Friction

When you rub two objects together; electrons can travel between the two objects

Contact

Physically touching a charged body to a neutral body, creates a transfer of charge (static discharge

Induction

Bring a charged body near a neutral object, without physical contact, creates a charge in the neutral object

Static discharge

Releases excess energy as light photons

Induction is most important because

it is used in the operation of electronic devices

Induction is the process of

electric fields acting on one another without physical contact

The electric fields cause induction when a

strong and weak charged object come close together

electric current

refers to electrons that are moving in the same direction

electrical circuit

is a pathway that permits electrons to move in a complete circle from their source

conductor

Any substance that allows charge to move relatively freely through it, metal (copper/aluminum)

can move easily within conductors

electrons

insulators

Any substance that does not allow a charge to move
relatively freely through it, glass/rubber/plastic

inhibits electron movement

insulator

battery

converts chemical energy to electrical

generator

converts mechanical energy to electrical, how electricity is supplied to imaging department

generators operate at

60 Hz AC (alternating current)

solar converter

converts solar photons to electrical

atomic reactor

converts nuclear energy to electrical

Which of the following properly describes the function of electric insulators?

To inhibit the movement of electrical charge

electrons move from areas of

high to low concentration

electron flow is from

negative (cathode) to positive (anode)

conventional electrical current flow

positive to negative

direction of travel of the electrons can be described as

AC or DC based off of flow

alternating current (AC)

electrons start in one direction then reverse and move in the
opposite direction

Direct Current

all move in the same direction

current

quantity of electrons flowing, measured in ampere/amp (A)

Radiographic equipment uses milliamperage (mA) units to

regulate the numbers of electrons available to produce x-rays photons

1 amp =

1000 milliamp

The Ammeter is

what measures the flow of the current Is connected in series in the circuit

Voltmeter is what measures the

potential difference Is connected in parallel in the circuit potential difference Is connected in parallel in the circuit

Which of the following is a unit of current?

Milliampere (mA)

Which of the following measures potential difference?

volts

the amount of opposition to the current in the circuit

resistance

unit of resistance

ohm (Ω - omega)

resistance can also be called

impedance

resistance is dependent upon

length, diameter, temperature

increasing length of wire increases

resistance

efficient circuit design

minimize circuit pathway and length (wire building with shortest run possible to decrease total resistance)

length is _______ related to resistance

directly

as diameter of solid conductor increase resistance will

decrease

diameter is _____ related to resistance

inversely

thicker wire gauge offers

less resistance

why do electronic engineers go to great lengths to minimize circuit heat buildup

Increased atomic motion due to increased temperature prevents electrons from flowing freely