Nervous System

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Synapse

The tiny gap between two neurons where communication occurs.

Axon

A long extension that carries electrical signals away from the cell body.

Frontal Lobe

The structure of the brain where it controls thinking, planning, decisions, personality, and voluntary movement.

Cerebellum

The structure that is most associated with balance, coordination, motor learning, and fine motor control.

Hippocampus

It creates new memories

Thalamus

This structure acts as a sensory relay station.

Hypothalamus

The structure of the brain’s hormone-control center and tells the pituitary gland what to do.

Dendrite

Branch-like extensions that receive signals from other neurons and carry them toward the cell.

Cell Body

The main part of the neuron that contains the nucleus and keeps the cell functioning.

Nucleus

The part of the cell that contains DNA and controls the cell’s activities.

Myelin Sheath

A fatty covering around an axon that protects it and helps the nerve signals travel faster.

Axon Terminal

The end of the Axon that releases chemicals to communicate with another neuron, muscle, or gland.

Neurotransmitter

A chemical messenger released by a neuron that carries a signal across a synapse to another cell.

Wernick’s Area

The area of the brain that helps you understand spoken and written language.

Temporal Lobe

The lobe that helps you with hearing, memory, and language.