SLP 422 Quiz 2 Ultimate Study Guide

Frequency Selectivity

The auditory system's ability to isolate and differentiate between individual frequency components within a complex sound wave.

Temporal Resolution

The auditory system's precision in tracking and resolving changes in sound pressure levels over time.

Sensorineural Hearing Loss (SNHL)

A type of hearing loss resulting from damage to the inner ear or auditory nerve, affecting sound processing and perception.

Attenuated Signal Effects

The reduction of acoustic energy reaching the auditory cortex due to sensorineural hearing loss, primarily from cochlear hair cell damage.

Cochlear Amplifier

Function provided by outer hair cells (OHCs) that enhances sound perception by amplifying soft sounds.

Spectral Smearing

The blending of overlapping formants and spectral components, obscuring essential peaks for vowel and consonant identification.

Upward Spread of Masking

When intense low-frequency speech components mask weaker high-frequency consonant information.

Temporal Smearing

The inability to resolve fast temporal fluctuations, hindering the perception of voice onset time and burst durations.

Neuroplasticity

The central nervous system's ability to reorganize itself in response to sensory experience or learning.

Lipreading

Decoding speech through visual observation of a talker's lips and face without auditory input.

Speechreading

Understanding speech by integrating visual and residual auditory information, aided by contextual cues.

Viseme

The smallest visually indistinguishable unit of speech; a visual equivalent to a phoneme.

Homophene

Words that appear visually identical on the lips, despite having different meanings and phonetic representations.

Clear Speech

An altered speaking style adopted to enhance intelligibility for listeners with hearing loss.

Communication Strategy

A deliberate action or plan executed to facilitate or repair conversational interchange.

Gestures

Nonverbal movements that convey meaning and can enhance communication for individuals with hearing loss.

Candidacy for Auditory Training

Criteria determining individuals who may benefit from structured interventions to improve auditory skills.

Conversational Fluency

The ease and efficiency of information flow between communication partners, including aspects like turn-taking.

Mean Length of Turn (MLT)

The average duration or number of words spoken during a conversational turn.

Repair Strategies

Targeted interventions to clarify communication breakdowns and facilitate understanding.

Maladaptive Strategies

Counterproductive behaviors adopted by individuals with hearing loss that undermine effective communication.