Blood, Lymph, Immune General terms

What are the four main components of blood?

Plasma

What is plasma?

The liquid portion of blood that transports nutrients

What are erythrocytes?

Red blood cells that transport oxygen and carbon dioxide

What are leukocytes?

White blood cells that protect the body from infection and disease

What are thrombocytes?

Platelets that help blood clot

What is the function of blood?

Transportation

What is hemoglobin?

Iron-containing protein in red blood cells that carries oxygen and carbon dioxide

What are the five types of white blood cells?

Neutrophils

What do neutrophils do?

Fight bacterial infections through phagocytosis

What do lymphocytes do?

Provide immunity through B cells and T cells

What do monocytes do?

Become macrophages and engulf pathogens

What do eosinophils do?

Fight parasites and participate in allergic reactions

What do basophils do?

Release histamine during allergic and inflammatory responses

Which white blood cell is most abundant?

Neutrophils

Which white blood cells produce antibodies?

B lymphocytes

What is hemoglobin?

Iron-containing protein that carries oxygen in red blood cells

What gives blood its red color?

Hemoglobin

What is hemostasis?

The process of stopping blood loss

What are the four ABO blood types?

A

What does Rh positive mean?

Rh antigen is present

What does Rh negative mean?

Rh antigen is absent

What is the function of the lymphatic system?

Returns excess fluid to the bloodstream and helps fight infection

What is lymph?

Clear fluid containing white blood cells

What are the three main functions of the lymphatic system?

Fluid balance

What is the right lymphatic duct?

Drains lymph from the upper right side of the body

What is the thoracic duct?

Drains lymph from the rest of the body

What is the flow of lymph?

Interstitial fluid → lymphatic capillaries → lymphatic vessels → lymph nodes → lymphatic ducts → bloodstream

What is the function of lymph nodes?

Filter lymph and activate immune responses

What is the function of the spleen?

Removes old red blood cells and fights infection

What is the function of the thymus?

Development and maturation of T cells

What are tonsils?

Lymphatic tissues that trap pathogens entering the mouth and throat

What are adenoids?

Lymphatic tissues located behind the nasal cavity

What are lymphatic vessels?

Tubes that transport lymph throughout the body

What is active immunity?

Protection produced by the body's own immune system after exposure to an antigen

What is passive immunity?

Protection gained from antibodies produced by another person or animal

Which immunity is long-lasting?

Active immunity

Which immunity provides immediate protection?

Passive immunity

What is innate immunity?

Nonspecific immunity present at birth

What is acquired immunity?

Specific immunity developed after exposure to an antigen

What are the two major cells involved in acquired immunity?

B cells and T cells

What do B cells do?

Produce antibodies

What do T cells do?

Destroy infected and abnormal cells

What is an antigen?

A substance that triggers an immune response

What is an antibody?

A protein produ