Chapter 5, Section 5.6 — LO 2 — Explain Phosphorylation and How Cells Use It

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6 Terms

1
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What is phosphorylation?

The addition of a phosphate group to a molecule.

2
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What does a protein kinase do?

Transfers a phosphate group, usually from ATP, to a target protein.

3
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What does a protein phosphatase do?

Removes phosphate groups through dephosphorylation.

4
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Does phosphorylation always activate proteins?

No. It can activate or inhibit proteins depending on the target.

5
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What is a phosphorylation cascade?

A sequence of phosphorylation events that relays a cellular signal.

6
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How can phosphorylation amplify a signal?

One activated molecule can activate many downstream molecules.