The Progressive Era and Civil Rights Vocabulary

Flashcards covering key vocabulary, legislative acts, constitutional amendments, and figures of the Progressive Era and African American history.

Goals of Progressive Movement

Creating Economic Reform, Fostering Efficiency, Protecting Social Welfare, Promoting Moral Improvement

Jane Adams

She founded Hull House, America's first settlement house, to help immigrants assimilate through education, counseling, and reform efforts.

WAY TO REMEMBER: Adams, Adams family had a big house and they’re spooky what else’s is spooky skull→ hull

Teddy Roosevelt

As President, he focused his efforts on trust busting, environment conservation, and strong foreign policy.

Woodrow Wilson

President known for World War I leadership, creating the Federal Reserve, Federal Trade Commission, Clayton Antitrust Act, and progressive income tax.

WAY TO REMEMBER: Woodrow Wilson W in both words World War W in both word

Federal Reserve System

The country's central banking system, which is responsible for the nation's monetary policy by regulating the supply of money and interest rates

WAY TO REMEMBER: Reserve sounds like preserve and we want to preserve our money and money is in a bank

National Park Service

A federal agency established in 1916 to help supervise national parks and monuments

16th Amendment

Graduated Income Tax

Sixteen has an x tax has an x

17th Amendment

Direct election of state senators

WAY TO REMEMBER: SEventeen starts with se SEnator starts with se

18th Amendment

Prohibited the manufacture, sale, and distribution of alcoholic beverages

WAY TO REMEMBER: In Mexico you can drink at 18 but we live in the US so we’re prohibited from drinking at 18

19th Amendment

Gave women the right to vote (suffrage)

WAY TO REMEMBER: Teenage Dream by Olivia Rodrigo says “got your whole life ahead of you your only 19” and Olivia is an advocate for women.

Temperance Movement

A social movement against the consumption of alcoholic beverages.

WAY TO REMEMBER: Temperance has temper in it and some people lose their temper when they drink so people want it banned

Clayton Antitrust Act

Law designed to strengthen the Sherman Antitrust Act of 1890; certain activities previously committed by big businesses, such as not allowing unions in factories and not allowing strikes, were declared illegal. Cannot buy stock in one's own company.

WAY TO REMEMBER: Clay builds things so Clayton builds up Sherman

Pure Food and Drug Act

Meat Inspection Act

-Halted the sale of contaminated food and drugs and to ensure truth in labeling.

-established strict cleanliness requirements for meat-packers and created a federal meat-inspection program.

Muckrakers

Journalists who attempted to find corruption or wrongdoing in industries and expose it to the public

Recall

Procedures whereby voters can remove an elected official from office

WAY TO REMEMBER: When a food gets recalled it gets removed from people’s diets and elected officials get removed

Referendum

A general vote by the electorate on a single political question that has been referred to them for a direct decision.

Referendum sounds like referred in the definition or you can you Dum→ Dumb and your not dumb because your gonna vote on issues

Progressive Era

Time period where Progressives attempted to fix the problems of industrialization. Progressives tended to be women, middle class, and live in urban areas. Progressives sought to use government influence to solve societal problems.

13th Amendment

Abolished slavery

13 is unlucky and bad so you want to get rid of something bad so you get rid of slavery

14th Amendment

Declares that all persons born in the U.S. are citizens and are guaranteed equal protection of the laws

14 is the number after 13 so things are all good and equal now.

15th Amendment

States cannot deny any person the right to vote because of race.

You cannot participate in a race when your 15 because your so close but you can’t legally drive→ cannot deny because of race

Plessy v. Ferguson

"Separate but equal" doctrine supreme court upheld the constitutionally of Jim Crow laws

Sharecropping

A system used on southern farms after the Civil War in which African American farmers worked land owned by someone else in return for a small portion of the crops.

Great Migration

Movement of over 300,000 African American from the rural south into Northern cities between 1914 and 1920

Booker T. Washington

Prominent Black American, born into slavery, who believed that racism would end once blacks acquired useful labor skills and proved their economic value to society, was head of the Tuskegee Institute.

WAY TO REMEMBER:Booker T → Tuskegee

W.E.B. DuBois

First Black man to earn Ph.D. from Harvard, encouraged African Americans to resist systems of segregation and discrimination, helped create NAACP

WAY TO REMEMBER:Debois sounds like da boys and boys have short attention spans so they want to do things fast a right away

Institutionalized racism

A form of racism expressed in the practice of social and political institutions . It is reflected in differences regarding wealth, income, criminal justice, employment, housing, and education

Disenfranchisement

The state of being deprived of a right or privilege, especially the right to vote.

WAY TO REMEMBER: if I’m being deprived of my rights I’m gonna be dissing on them → disen

Segregation

Separation of people based on racial, ethnic, or other differences

Jim Crow Laws

Limited rights of blacks. Literacy tests, grandfather clauses and poll taxes limited black voting rights

WAY TO REMEMBER:Crows are black and they’re loud so some people don’t like them so it’s gonna limit rights

Interstate Commerce Act

This law created a commission to investigate possible railroad monopolies.

WAY TO REMEMBER: the interstate (highway) is the modern version of a railroad

Assembly line

This way of manufacturing goods used by Henry Ford allowed for the eight hour workday and five day work week since it was so time efficient

Grandfather clause

This Jim Crow law limited the 15th amendment in the south by stating that if your grandfather wasn’t enslaved, you cannot vote

poll tax

This law charge people devote in her African-Americans in the south because of their status as sharecroppers

WAY TO REMEMBER: When there’s a poll on Snapchat you vote for what you want and they tax that

Protecting social welfare

Goal of the progressive era that focused on helping the urban pour with settlement houses and social gospel movement

Square deal

Roosevelt’s plan for the United States to protect the little guy by breaking up. Monopoly is creating safer products and conserving land.

WAY TO REMEMBER: Little guy has 9 letters in it. 9 is a square number→ square deal

Upton Sinclair

A muckraker who witnessed terrible factory condition such as employees losing, thumbs fingernails, rats running over food and sawdust meat

WAY TO REMEMBER: Sinclair is the quarter back and the quarterback is going to need to eat a lot to stay strong and factories produce food.

Lewis Hine

A muckraker who wanted to help and child labor, so they went into a textile mill and mines in order to expose the problems, Through flash photography

WAY TO REMEMBER: Lewis hine went in a mine

Jacob Riis

Nutcracker who won to expose the problem with baby farms. I believed if the tenants could be improved, they would go away.

WAY TO REMEMBER: Jacob Elordi is my baby→ baby farms

Carrie Chapman Catt

Organized NAWSA To support the 19th amendment, which would allow for women suffrage

WAY TO REMEMBER:Carrie, Chapman and Catt has a as the second later in all of them and nAwsa has a as the second letter

Victor Green

Designed to travel guide/book to help African-Americans, travel, free and safe during segregation due to threat of violence in the Sundowns towns

WAY TO REMEMBER: Made the green book victor GREEN

Lincoln Steffens

A muckraker who stood up to political machines by advocating for the use of recall in the Pendleton civil service act

WAY TO REMEMBER: Abraham LINCOLN was a politician LINCOLN Steffens

Ida B Wells

Join the NAACP in order to help WEB Dubois fight against Jim Crow laws, and also helped support the mission of stopping lynching in the south.

WAY TO REMEMBER: B→ black she stood up for African Americans and fought for their rights

Ida Tarbell

Use the Sherman antitrust act to launch an investigation to break up John D Rockefeller standard oil after father’s company was destroyed in Cleveland massacre

WAY TO REMEMBER: Ida TARbell tar is like oil

Nellie Bly

A muckraker who asked the government for funding to help address poor treatment of those with mental health concerns like over drugging, malnourishment, and physical abuse

WAY TO REMEMBER: Nellie Bly → Bly sounds like bleh and if your sick you go to the hospital and Nellie sounds like jelly and if your struggling with mental health your brain could feel like jelly

William Howard Taft

Struggled as president to live up to the progressive era name which caused this person to lose the election of 1912 when Teddy Roosevelt decided to also run as a third candidate

WAY TO REMEMBER: William Howard→ sounds like Will Howard the former OSU quarterback who is now third string at the Steelers and didn’t live up to the name