week 2 ppt computer concepts

Vocabulary flashcards covering fundamental concepts, history, security, devices, and digital citizenship from Module 1 of Discovering Computers.

Digital Literacy

Acquiring current knowledge and understanding of computers, mobile devices, the web, and related technologies.

Digital Citizen

A person familiar with how to use technology to become an educated and productive member of the digital world.

Computer

An electronic device operating under the control of instructions stored in its memory that can accept data, process data to produce information, and store it for future use.

Memory

Electronic components that store instructions waiting to be executed by the processor, data needed by those instructions, and the results of processing the data into information.

Internet

A global collection of millions of computers linked together to share information.

Network

A collection of two or more computers connected to share resources.

Wi-Fi

A wireless data network technology (short for wireless fidelity) that provides high-speed data connections, is not attached to any device, and is used for mobile devices.

Server

A powerful, high-capacity computer accessed using the Internet or other networks that stores files and serves them to users, usually grouped in data centers.

Online Social Network

An online community where users can share their interests, ideas, stories, photos, music, and videos with other registered users via a social networking website.

Big Data

Large and complex data sources that defy easy management with traditional data processing methods.

Vacuum Tubes

Cylindrical glass tubes that control the flow of electrons, used in first-generation computers such as ENIAC and UNIVAC.

ENIAC

Electronic Numerical Integrator and Computer; a first-generation computer that used vacuum tubes.

UNIVAC

Universal Automatic Computer; a first-generation computer that used vacuum tubes.

Apple II

A preassembled computer introduced in 1978 by Steve Jobs and Steve Wozniak with color graphics and popular spreadsheet software called VisiCalc.

Internet of Things (IoT)

An environment in which processors are embedded in every product imaginable (things) that communicate with one another via the Internet or wireless networks.

Smart Devices

IoT-enabled devices with the capability to communicate, locate, and predict, often controlled and interacted with through associated apps.

Telematics

Wireless communications capabilities in vehicles that include features such as navigation systems, remote diagnosis and alerts, and Internet access.

Digital Divide

The gap between those who have access to technology and its resources and information, especially on the Internet, and those who do not.

Privacy

The state or condition of being free from public attention, observation, or interference to the degree that you determine.

Identity Theft

Using someone's personal information, such as their name, Social Security number, or credit card number, to commit financial fraud.

Dumpster Diving

Retrieving personal information from discarded credit card statements, charge receipts, and bank statements in the trash.

Phishing

A technique where attackers attempt to deceive you into revealing personal or financial information when you respond to an email message or visit a website.

Pretexting

An attack where someone pretends to be from a legitimate research firm to ask for personal information.

Data Mining (Identity Theft)

An attack technique where attackers guess passwords or security questions by soliciting responses to social media queries about personal details like a pet's name or home state.

Software

A set of coded instructions that tell a computer or device what tasks to perform; also referred to as a program or an app.

Convergence

The increasing integration of technological capabilities into a growing number of previously unrelated devices.

Laptop

A thin, lightweight mobile computer with a screen on its lid and a keyboard on its base; also called a notebook.

Tablet

A thin, lightweight mobile device that has a touch screen and is often associated with eBook readers.

eBook Reader

A mobile device used primarily for reading digital media; also called an e-reader.

Desktop Computer

A personal computer designed to be in a stationary location where all its components fit on or under a desk or table.

All-in-One Desktop

A type of desktop computer that does not contain a tower and instead uses the same case to house the display and processing circuitry.

Smartphone

An Internet-capable phone that usually includes a calendar, an address book, and games in addition to apps.

Netiquette

The code of acceptable behaviors and rules of conduct users should follow while on the Internet.

Plagiarism

Copying or using someone else's work and claiming it as your own.

Cyberbullying

Online harassment or abuse that is known to be extremely harmful to its victims.

Turnitin

An automated service used to check student papers for plagiarized passages and uncited material.

Green Computing

The practice of reducing electricity consumed and environmental waste generated when using computers, mobile devices, and related technologies.

ENERGY STAR Program

A program developed by the U.S. Department of Energy and the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency to help reduce the amount of electricity used by computers and related devices.