Common Polyatomic Ions, Oxoanions, and Oxidation States

Flashcards reviewing common polyatomic cations and anions, rules and examples for naming oxoanions, and writing formulas for metal ions with multiple oxidation states.

What is the chemical formula for the ammonium cation?

$$\text{NH}_4^+$$

What is the chemical formula for the hydronium cation?

$$\text{H}_3\text{O}^+$$

What is the systematic name for the polyatomic anion $\text{CH}_3\text{COO}^-$?

acetate

What is the systematic name for the polyatomic anion $\text{CN}^-$?

cyanide

What is the chemical formula for the hydroxide anion?

$$\text{OH}^-$$

What is the chemical formula for the nitrate anion?

$$\text{NO}_3^-$$

What is the name of the polyatomic anion $\text{MnO}_4^-$?

permanganate

What is the chemical formula for the dihydrogen phosphate anion?

$$\text{H}_2\text{PO}_4^-$$

What are two common names for the polyatomic anion $\text{HCO}_3^-$?

hydrogen carbonate (bicarbonate)

What is the chemical formula for the chlorate anion?

$$\text{ClO}_3^-$$

What is the chemical formula for the carbonate anion?

$$\text{CO}_3^{2-}$$

What is the name of the polyatomic anion $\text{CrO}_4^{2-}$?

chromate

What is the chemical formula for the dichromate anion?

$$\text{Cr}_2\text{O}_7^{2-}$$

What is the chemical formula for the sulfate anion?

$$\text{SO}_4^{2-}$$

What is the name of the polyatomic anion $\text{HPO}_4^{2-}$?

monohydrogen phosphate

What is the chemical formula for the phosphate anion?

$$\text{PO}_4^{3-}$$

Based on the oxoanions chart, what prefix and suffix naming combination is used for an oxoanion with the fewest oxygen atoms?

Prefix hypo- and suffix -ite (e.g., $\text{ClO}^-$ named hypochlorite)

What prefix and suffix combination is used for an oxoanion with one more oxygen atom than the standard -ate ion?

Prefix per- and suffix -ate (e.g., $\text{ClO}_4^-$ named perchlorate)

What suffix is used for an oxoanion with one fewer oxygen atom than the standard -ate ion?

Suffix -ite (e.g., $\text{ClO}_2^-$ named chlorite)

What are the systematic names for the copper ion formulas $\text{Cu}^{+1}$ and $\text{Cu}^{+2}$?

copper(I) and copper(II)

What are the systematic names for the cobalt ion formulas $\text{Co}^{+2}$ and $\text{Co}^{+3}$?

cobalt(II) and cobalt(III)

What are the systematic names for the iron ion formulas $\text{Fe}^{+2}$ and $\text{Fe}^{+3}$?

iron(II) and iron(III)

What are the systematic names for the manganese ion formulas $\text{Mn}^{+2}$ and $\text{Mn}^{+3}$?

manganese(II) and manganese(III)

What are the systematic names for the tin ion formulas $\text{Sn}^{+2}$ and $\text{Sn}^{+4}$?

tin(II) and tin(IV)

Which three metals are listed as notable exceptions when writing formulas for metals with several oxidation states?

Zn, Ag and Cd